As a new technology of carbon dioxide separation from flue gas，membrane absorption has caught more attention. An introduction of the fundamentals of membrane absorption is presented，together with an analysis of membrane absorption from three aspects，including system process，absorption solution，and membrane contactors and membrane materials. In conclusion，the prospect of future development is discussed.

The development and characteristics of ionic liquids （ILs） in recent decades are reviewed. The mechanism for remarkable solubility of CO2 in ionic liquids and the monte carlo simulations for predicting the atomic force fields of absorptions in ILs are also summarized. The significant advantages of fixation and utilization of CO2 with ILs as absorbent，catalyst or promoter used in organic reaction，catalyzed reaction，electrochemical reaction，supported ionic liquid membranes over the conventional absorbents and the catalytic systems without ILs are discussed. Furthermore，the proposal for solving existing problems and the prospect of its application are presented.

Volatile organic compounds（VOCs）in air do great harm to human health. This paper reviews the progress in research on the on-line monitoring techniques for volatile organic compounds （VOCs）in recent years at home and abroad. Some on-line monitoring techniques，including membrane extraction gas chromatography，proton-transfer-reaction mass spectroscopy，time-of-flight mass spectrometry，Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and laser spectroscopy are introduced and compared. The advantages and shortages of tunable diode laser absorption spectrometry are discussed，and the prospect of its application is also presented.

The new solid adsorbents for desulfurization of FCC gasoline are reviewed. Some important adsorbents，such as zeolite，metal oxide，activated carbon，clay and other adsorbents，and their preparation，mechanism of adsorption，modifications，desulfurization effect are introduced. Because modification greatly influences desulfurization of FCC gasoline，various methods of modification and the effects after modification are reviewed. Finally future research on solid adsorbents is proposed.

Fenton oxidation process is an effective advanced oxidation process. It is a kind of promising technologies with the advantage over common oxidation processes in wastewater treatment. In this paper，the principle and application of common Fenton，photo-Fenton and electro-Fenton are presented. Their advantages，problems and development trend are also discussed. Especially，the advantage and application of combined treatment of Fenton oxidation process with other processes（biological processes，coagulation processes，adsorption processes）are summarized.

Fermentation has become a primary method for producing hyaluronic acid. Separation and purification are key steps of fermentation in preparing high relative molecular weight（Mr） and high purity hyaluronic acid. This article discusses the characteristics of fermentation broth and the influences of process conditions on hyaluronic acid Mr and structure，systematically analyzes the techniques in pretreatment，separation and purification stages. It also points out some existing problems in the separation and purification techniques and presents the focus of future research．

Supersonic speed airflow grinding technology is a new type of materials processing technology. It has specific advantages of cleanness，thermosensitive resistance，high precision，etc.，which widens its scope of application. This paper reviews the research progress of the supersonic speed airflow grinding technology. The working mechanisms and process characteristics of the supersonic speed airflow grinding technology are reviewed. The emphasis is the application and advantages of airflow grinding technology in materials refinement，food processing，particularly in the chemical research. The research work in the future is predicted.

This paper introduces structure characteristics and mechanism of enhanced heat transfer by open cell metal foams，and reviews the research progress of open cell metal foams used in compact heat exchanger at home and aboard. The influence factors of performance are analyzed from flow resistance and heat transfer. In addition，the theoretical modeling research on the mold of open cell metal foams is summarized. Finally，the research direction of open cell metallic foams used in compact heat exchanger in the future is proposed.

The quaternary ammonium salt of chitosan is one of important chitosan derivatives. It can be used in various fields involving cosmetics，pharmaceutical，medical applications and treatment of waste water because of its good water solubility，moisture absorption property，bactericidal activity and flocculation property. The recent advances in the synthesis of chitosan quaternary ammonium salt and its application are reviewed. Finally，the research trends are prospected.

The recent progress of Sonogashira-type coupling reaction catalyzed by heterogeneous catalyst Pd/C is presented. Remarkable catalytic activity and increased reaction rate are observed in Sonogashira-type coupling reaction catalyzed by Pd/C，especially some reactions for which many homogeneous catalysts are ineffective，and the process can be carried out in copper-free，ligand-free，amine-free conditions but with water and/or by exposure to air by changing the reaction conditions. These improvements result in an expanded scope of reactants. All these advantages enable such reaction to be performed in environment-friendly conditions，making its commercialization possible.

This article reviews the recent progress of ethylene selective tetramerization toward 1-octene. New achievements and development trend on ethylene selective tetramerization toward 1-octene are introduced. The effects of co-catalyst and ligand on the ethylene tetramerization catalytic systems are discussed. The feasibility of the existing technologies to synthesize 1-octene is compared in terms of process and economics.

The research development of the polystyrene/polyamide 6 blends is summarized，and the compatibility，phase morphologies，crystallization behavior and rheological properties of the blends are analyzed. The effect of compatilizer on compatilization of polystyrene/polyamide 6 blends and the change of phase morphologies are discussed.

The production and progress of 5-hydroxymethyl furfural using renewable resources as raw materials are reviewed. Its significant derivatives and their applications are also discussed. The existing problems of the production of HMF using biomass are analyzed and some suggestions on future research and development are presented.

The advances in the synthesis of N-formylmorpholine are reviewed，and the properties and application as well as the synthesis methods，including formic acid method，methyl formate method，formyl chloride method，carboxide carbonylation of CO and supercritical CO2，morpholine and enamine oxidation method are presented and discussed in detail. The research trends of the synthesis of N-formylmorpholine are also analyzed.

Two kinds of amino resins were prepared with chloroacetylated polystyrene （PS-Acyl-Cl） as carrier to replace chloromethyl polystyrene by reacting with ethylene diamine （EDA） and hexamethylene diamine （HMD）. Such influence factors as reaction time，temperature，molar ratio of raw materials，and solvents were discussed. Under the optimum conditions，the loading amount of ethylene diamine and hexamethylene diamine on the resin could be up to 1.60 mmol/g and 2.6 mmol/g，respectively. While，the loading amount of hexamethylene diamine was apparently higher than that of ethylene diamine under the same conditions. In this method，the drawbacks of preparing chloromethylated polystyrene resin were avoided，and side reactions，such as secondary cross-linking and multi-substitution could be eliminated. As active intermediates，the amino resins can be derivatized to obtain many functional media.

With hydrogen sulfide and tetrapropylene as raw materials, TDM was synthetized by the one step process in the presence of acidic ion exchange resin. The influence factors of temperature，pressure，space velocity，charge-in ratio were investigated. The optimum process conditions were determined. This process was characterized by simple flow sheet，low pollution, high product yield over 80%, and high product purity over 99%.

The effect of MgO promoter on the physico-chemical properties and catalytic performance of Mg-Ni/ BaTiO3 catalyst for CH4/CO2 reforming to syngas were studied with H2-TPR，BET and XRD. It was found that Mg-Ni/ BaTiO3 catalyst with a proper amount of MgO promoter showed higher catalytic activity and stronger resistance to carbon deposition than Ni/ BaTiO3 and Ni/γ-Al2O3. However，excessive MgO promoter exerted a negative effect on catalyst performance，with increasing content of MgO，the reactivity of catalysts decreased. The effect of preparation methods on catalytic activity was also studied，and the results showed that the catalytic activity of catalyst prepared by the sol-gel method was higher than that by the impregnation method.

Poly（AA-co-AMPS）hydrogels were synthesized by the solution polymerization method，and the absorbency of the hydrogels was studied as well. The results showed that the absorbency of the hydrogels was more than 125 g/g in 0.9% NaCl solution，and the value of Q/Qmax was nearly 100 when the pH value was 5—9. The absorbency did not decrease as much as the change of pH value. The absorbency in NaBr solution was higher than in NaCl solution. The absorbency of the hydrogels increased with increasing concentration in ethanol solution or ammonia water，while decreased with increasing concentration in urea solution.

Polycarboxylate superplasticizer with carboxylic，sulfonation groups in its main chain and polyoxyethylene ether as side chains was prepared by the macromolecular reaction. The structure of the superplasticizer was characterized by IR，1H NMR. A series of methods were proposed to characterize superplasticizer solution used in cement slurry by measuring surface tension，adsorptive power，conductivity and fluidity of cement slurry. The results showed that the superplasticizer as water-reducer can decrease the surface tension and can be adsorbed on the surface of cement particles to decrease surface energy，resulting in excellent dispersing ability of cement particles.

A kind of monomer with reaction activity，methoxypolyethylene glycol acrylate，which could be used as the intermediate macromonomer of polycarboxylate high performance water-reducer，was prepared by the esterification of acrylic acid and methoxypolyethylene glycol. The experimental conditions were investigated，and the optimum conditions for preparing methoxypolyethylene glycol acrylate were determined.

Homogenous coprecipitation of Ce3+，Y3+ was performed to prepare (Ce0.8Y0.2)2(C2O4)3 solid solution，by using diethyl oxalate，cerium nitrate and yttrium nitrate as starting materials，and urea as pH adjuster. The co-precipitates produced under different conditions were analyzed by TG-DTA and the result indicated that the co-precipitates （n=0～35.5，n：mole ratio of urea to diethyl oxalate） produced were oxalate solid solution. From SEM observation its particle average size decreased from 10μm to 0.5μm with increasing n from 0 to 35.5. The oxides derived from the oxalate solid solutions were confirmed to be Y-doped CeO2 by XRD analysis and lattice constant calculation. Its crystallite size is about 10nm.

(E)-1-phenylsulfonyl-2-methyl-4-hydroxy-2-butene（product A）was synthesized through the three-step process（addition，acetolysis and saponification）by using isoprene as the starting material and purified by crystallization from ether-ethyl acetate mixtures. 6-(4-phenylsulfonyl-3-methyl-2- butenyl)-2,3-dimethoxy-5-methylhydroquinone-O,O′-dibenzyl ether（product B）was synthesized by coupling reaction between hydroquinone and product A by using heteropoly acid as catalyst and with the hydroxyl group on hydroquinone protected by bromobenzyl. The end product B was purified by crystallization from ether-diisopropyl ether mixtures. The influence factors of the synthesis process were also studied. The yield of end product B was 75%（based on product A）. This process has distinct advantages，such as simple process，much milder reaction conditions，green chemical catalytic technology and so on. The structures of product A and end product B were identified by FTIR and 1H NMR.

The catechins composition of tea polyphenols with different origin areas and purities was investigated by HPLC, and the effect of silica gel column chromatography on the isolation of Epigallocatechin gallate（EGCG) from different tea polyphenols was compared. This experiment indicated that the mass of catechins in tea polyphenols did not increase with increasing purity of tea polyphenols. It was related to the origin area and techniques of tea polyphenols extraction. The right tea polyphenols must be chosen for the isolation of different catechins.

Epoxidized soybean oil （ESO） was prepared without solvent or sulfuric acid. Some factors affecting the epoxy value of product，such as the type of carboxylic acid，amount and concentration of hydrogen peroxide and so on were investigated. Compared with acetic acid and crylic acid，formic acid had higher activity for epoxidation. The synthesis process was optimized by orthogonal experiment，that is，m(soybean oil)︰m(formic acid)︰m(hydrogen peroxide) = 1︰0.15︰1.0，reaction temperature：60 ℃，reaction time：5～6 h. The epoxy value was above 6.20% and residual iodine value was below 6.0%.The product was characterized by FT-IR. The absorption peak of ethylenic linkage of the raw material at 3008 cm-1 disappeared，instead the characteristic absorption peak of stretching vibration for the epoxy ring appeared at 820 cm－1 and 787 cm－1.

Ca3Co4O9 ceramics were fabricated from powders prepared by the sol-gel and chemical co-precipitation methods. The phase and morphology of the sample were investigated by XRD and SEM. The conductivity of Ca3Co4O9 ceramics was investigated with four-probe conductivity measurement. The results showed that the Ca3Co4O9 ceramics obtained from powders by the chemical co-precipitation method had lower porosity and shrinkage and higher conductivity compared with that obtained by the sol-gel method.

Thermal analysis was used in the investigation of reaction process for sulfuric acid production from phosphogypsum. The effects of different raw material C/CaSO4 molar ratios on reaction process and reaction temperature were investigated with TG-DTA thermal analyzer. Through the comparison for the difference between experimental and theoretical weight loss values，it was found that CaSO4 was reduced to CaS by C during the first reaction step when raw material molar ratios was 0.4 and 0.5. At the same time，the reaction temperature decreased with increasing raw material molar ratio. However，the products were CaO and CO，etc. during the first reaction step when raw material molar ratio increased to 0.6. XRD results of samples also confirmed that the reaction resultants included CaS and CaO respectively. Therefore it was concluded that the use of thermal analysis in the investigation of reaction process for sulfuric acid production from phosphogypsum was feasible. Finally a discussion on the reaction mechanism was given.

By adopting the materials and technology currently utilized in traditional electrochemical fuel cells，we constructed a temperature-controlled machine press and fabricated a series of membrane-electrode-assembly （MEA） for testing in microbial fuel cells. With these MEAs，a variety of different graphite materials were screened as anodes by using Pt/C coated carbon cloth as cathodes，and were pressed to Nafion proton-exchange membranes. Custom made glass chambers were fabricated to house these membranes，and cultures of Geobacter sulfurreducens were inoculated into MEA-containing chambers to assess current production. Cultures grew at the expense of complete ethanol oxidation，thus these systems represented a new kind of ethanol/O2 fuel cell. Generally，MEA-based microbial fuel cells produced 100-fold more electrical current per unit electrode surface area than previous designs，and could be operated for several months.

In this paper，the discharge capacity，stability voltage and the ratio of constant current charge capacity and battery discharge capacity of lithium ion battery were studied. For the lithium manganese lithium-ion batteries，the discharge capacity，mid-value voltage and stability voltage all increased with increasing charge cutoff voltage. As long as charge cutoff voltage was no less than 4.15 V，the battery discharge capacity loss would not exceed 6%. When charge cutoff voltage was 4.15V，the constant current charge capacity accounted for more than 85% of total charge capacity，a little change from 4.20 V. This conclusion provides the experiment basis for sacrificing a small part of capacity and improving the safety performance of battery .

Ozonation of activated sludge was used for sludge reduction. Meanwhile the influence on reduction efficiency and activated sludge characteristics was observed. The results showed that the sludge total suspended solid （TSS） can at most be reduced by about 39.6% and the soluble COD concentration can be increased by about 60.6 times after treatment by ozonation with ozone dosage 0.01～0.15gO3/gVSS. The yield of soluble COD was 0.6739gSCOD/g VSS，but at the same time，the sludge activity and sludge volume index （SVI） decreased. The optimum ozone dosage was about 0.03 gO3/gVSS. The results provides the theoretical basis for further application of the sludge reduction technology by ozonation.

The effect of three kinds of gas spargers，including ring gas sparger，micro-orifice gas sparger Ⅰ and micro-orifice gas sparger II on oxygen mass transfer in non-Newtonian fluid was studied. The effect of micro-orifice spargers on power consumption，gas hold-up ε，oxygen mass transfer coefficient KLα and specific oxygen mass transfer coefficient of power input per volume Eo2 was specially investigated. Their results were compared with the values of ring gas sparger. Both KLα and Eo2 of two micro-orifice spargers were higher than those of ring gas sparger. The new gas spargers had superior mass transfer and mixing performance. It is beneficial to increasing oxygen concentration in non-Newtonian fluid.

The industrial application data of imported G-58C catalyst and domestic LY-C2-02 catalyst in an ethylene unit in Lanzhou Petrochemical Company were analysed and compared，and the performance of LY-C2-02 catalyst was investigated. The new C2 hydrogenation catalyst LY-C2-02 was characterized by high activity，high selectivity，wide range of industrial application and high stability. It worked well when space velocity was 6000h-1, and its performance was as good as the G-58C catalyst. The LY-C2-02 catalyst could be used as the substitute of the imported G-58C catalyst. Industrial application of LY-C2-02 catalyst could help to reduce the cost of ethylene unit in China.

Fenton oxidization pretreatment coupled with sequencing batch membrane bioreactor (SBMBR) was used to treat acrylic fiber wastewater. The result showed: that this system worked efficiently and was strongly impact-resistant .The disposed wastewater could be used as regenerator water，This would reduce environment pollution and save production cost. By using the pretreatment process and SBMBR，COD decreased from 1259mg/L to 76.88mg/L，a reduction of 93.89%; The removal efficiency of NH4+-N was 95.54%. NH4+-N in effluent of SBMBR was 2.57mg/L. The concentrations of SS，CN－，SCN－and S－ in effluent of SBMBR were lower than the national standards. Impact experiment for the combined technology was perfomed by using high concentration acrylic fiber wastewater and the system worked efficiently to treat refractory acrylic fiber wastewater. COD，NH4+-N in effluent of SBMBR was160.66 mg/L and 3.16mg/L，with removal rates of 91.86% and 92.03% respectively.

Membrane fouling is one of the main constraints of the application and development of membrane bioreactor. Therefore，as a case of using membrane bioreactor （MBR） to treat houshold sewage in a residential area，three operational parameters，such as addition of PAC，mixed liquid suspended solid（MLSS） and aeration rate（Q） were chosen to perform orthogonal experiments of three-factors-four-levels in order to study the optimum operation condition of MBR. The results showed that addition of PAC，mixed liquid suspended solid（MLSS） and aeration rate（Q） were 2g/L，7 g/L，6m3/h respectively. A parallel contrast experiment indicated that maximum membrane pressure difference reached 21.05kPa. Meanwhile，there was a linear relationship between protein/polysaccharide formation (the cause of membrane fouling) and increased membrane pressure difference.