Abstract: By adopting the materials and technology currently utilized in traditional electrochemical fuel cells，we constructed a temperature-controlled machine press and fabricated a series of membrane-electrode-assembly （MEA） for testing in microbial fuel cells. With these MEAs，a variety of different graphite materials were screened as anodes by using Pt/C coated carbon cloth as cathodes，and were pressed to Nafion proton-exchange membranes. Custom made glass chambers were fabricated to house these membranes，and cultures of Geobacter sulfurreducens were inoculated into MEA-containing chambers to assess current production. Cultures grew at the expense of complete ethanol oxidation，thus these systems represented a new kind of ethanol/O2 fuel cell. Generally，MEA-based microbial fuel cells produced 100-fold more electrical current per unit electrode surface area than previous designs，and could be operated for several months.