Abstract: Epoxidized soybean oil （ESO） was prepared without solvent or sulfuric acid. Some factors affecting the epoxy value of product，such as the type of carboxylic acid，amount and concentration of hydrogen peroxide and so on were investigated. Compared with acetic acid and crylic acid，formic acid had higher activity for epoxidation. The synthesis process was optimized by orthogonal experiment，that is，m(soybean oil)︰m(formic acid)︰m(hydrogen peroxide) = 1︰0.15︰1.0，reaction temperature：60 ℃，reaction time：5～6 h. The epoxy value was above 6.20% and residual iodine value was below 6.0%.The product was characterized by FT-IR. The absorption peak of ethylenic linkage of the raw material at 3008 cm-1 disappeared，instead the characteristic absorption peak of stretching vibration for the epoxy ring appeared at 820 cm－1 and 787 cm－1.

摘要： 在无溶剂无硫酸条件下合成了环氧大豆油，对环氧化合成体系中的羧酸类型、用量及双氧水浓度等影响环氧值的若干因素进行了研究。甲酸的环氧化活性比乙酸和丙烯酸高。通过正交实验确定了最佳合成工艺条件为：m(大豆油)︰m(甲酸)︰m(双氧水)为1︰0.15︰1.0，反应温度60 ℃，反应时间5～6 h。产品环氧值≥6.20%，残留碘值< 6.0%。产品经红外分析表明，在3008 cm-1处的原料C=C 双键结构峰消失，在820 cm－1、787 cm－1处呈现出环氧键的伸缩振动的特征吸收峰。