关键词: 纳米粒子, 表面, 接枝, 修饰, 羟基

Abstract:

Oxide nanoparticles are widely used due to their small particle size and large specific surface area. Since the particle surface has abundant hydroxyl groups, the nanoparticles are easy to agglomerate and the unmodified particles are difficult to meet application demands. In order to obtain the desired performance of the adsorption, wettability, dispersion and functionality of the particles, it is necessary to graft specific organic groups on the particle surface. This article focused on the reaction characteristics between modifiers and the surface of oxide nanoparticles, summarized research progress about the surface organic modification of oxide nanoparticles with commonly used modifiers, including silane coupling agents, alcohols and phenols, carboxylic acids and phosphonic acids, and silicone oils and isocyanates. The surface hydroxyl characteristics of oxide nanoparticles were illustrated. The reaction mechanism between modifiers and the surface of oxide nanoparticles as well as the modification stability were analyzed. The modification processes for different modifiers and nanoparticles were summarized. Although a lot of researches about the organic modification of particle surfaces in organic solvents had been reported, it was not effective for the guidance on the scale production and improving the product quality. Moreover, the evaluations were varied and had low comparability. To achieve a controllable, efficient and green organic modification on the nanoparticle surface, a reasonable use of modifiers and modification process design for different kinds of oxide particles were demanded.

Key words: nanoparticles, surface, grafting, modification, hydroxyl group