镁渣基多孔材料的制备及其对废水中Pb2+的吸附性能

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2023-0514

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以镁渣为原料，通过添加复合激发剂与发泡剂制备镁渣基多孔材料（MSBPM）。首先，研究了水玻璃模数、碱掺量、发泡剂掺量和焙烧温度对MSBPM力学性能及吸附性能的影响，利用扫描电子显微镜对MSBPM的表观形貌和孔隙率进行了观察和分析。其次，研究了MSBPM对Pb²⁺的吸附性能，探究吸附剂投加量、溶液初始浓度、pH、吸附时间以及温度等参数对吸附性能的影响。结果表明：当发泡剂掺量为8%、碱掺量为10%、模数为1.3时，MSBPM对Pb²⁺的吸附性能最佳，饱和吸附量达到303.95mg/g，相较于原镁渣提高了27%，此时抗压强度为2.84MPa。当Pb²⁺初始浓度为500mg/L时，每升废水仅需3.4g吸附剂即可使Pb²⁺的去除率达到99%以上，吸附过程为单层化学吸附，符合拟二级动力学模型。

关键词: 镁渣, 碱激发, 多孔材料, 吸附性能

Abstract:

Magnesium slag-based porous materials (MSBPM) were prepared from magnesium slag by adding a composite exciter and foaming agent. Firstly, the effects of water glass modulus, alkali doping, blowing agent doping and roasting temperature on the mechanical and adsorption properties of MSBPM were investigated. The apparent morphology and porosity of MSBPM were observed and analyzed using scanning electron microscopy. Again, the adsorption performance of MSBPM on Pb²⁺ was investigated. The effects of parameters such as adsorbent dosing amount, initial concentration of solution, pH, adsorption time and temperature on the adsorption performance were studied. The results showed that the best adsorption performance of MSBPM on Pb²⁺ was achieved when the dosing of foaming agent was 8%, the dosing of alkali was 10% and the modulus was 1.3. The saturation adsorption capacity reached 303.95mg/g, which was 27% higher than that of the original magnesium slag. The compressive strength at this point was 2.84MPa. When the initial concentration of Pb²⁺ was 500mg/L, only 3.4g of adsorbent per liter of wastewater was required to achieve over 99% removal of Pb²⁺. The adsorption process was monolayer chemisorption, which was in accordance with the proposed secondary kinetic model.

Key words: magnesium slag, alkali excitation, porous materials, adsorption properties

中图分类号:

X751

路广军, 韩晋钢, 陈英, 马志斌. 镁渣基多孔材料的制备及其对废水中Pb²⁺的吸附性能[J]. 化工进展, 2024, 43(4): 2126-2134.

LU Guangjun, HAN Jingang, CHEN Ying, MA Zhibin. Preparation of magnesium slag-based porous materials and their performance for Pb²⁺ adsorption in wastewater[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2024, 43(4): 2126-2134.

图/表 16

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配比	温度/℃	镁渣/g	水玻璃/g	NaOH/g	外加水/g	发泡剂/g
3%-10%-1.3	300	150	72.9	11.7	26.9	4.5
3%-10%-1.3	400	150	72.9	11.7	26.9	4.5
3%-10%-1.3	500	150	72.9	11.7	26.9	4.5
3%-10%-1.3	600	150	72.9	11.7	26.9	4.5
3%-10%-1.3	700	150	72.9	11.7	26.9	4.5

配比	温度/℃	镁渣/g	水玻璃/g	NaOH/g	外加水/g	发泡剂/g
3%-10%-1.3	300	150	72.9	11.7	26.9	4.5
3%-10%-1.3	400	150	72.9	11.7	26.9	4.5
3%-10%-1.3	500	150	72.9	11.7	26.9	4.5
3%-10%-1.3	600	150	72.9	11.7	26.9	4.5
3%-10%-1.3	700	150	72.9	11.7	26.9	4.5

考察条件	pH	初始浓度/mg·L^-1	投加量/g·L^-1	吸附时间/min	吸附温度/℃
发泡剂掺量/碱掺量/模数	6	300	0.4	120	25
pH	3, 4, 5, 6, 7	500	0.4	120	25
初始浓度/投加量	6	200, 300, 400, 500	0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.2, 1.8, 2.0, 2.4, 2.8, 3.4, 4.0	120	25
吸附时间	6	200, 300, 400	0.8, 1.8, 2.8	5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 90, 120	25, 35, 45
吸附等温曲线	6	200, 300, 400, 500	0.4	60	25
动力学	6	200	0.4	5, 10, 15, 20, 25,30, 40, 50, 60	25

考察条件	pH	初始浓度/mg·L^-1	投加量/g·L^-1	吸附时间/min	吸附温度/℃
发泡剂掺量/碱掺量/模数	6	300	0.4	120	25
pH	3, 4, 5, 6, 7	500	0.4	120	25
初始浓度/投加量	6	200, 300, 400, 500	0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.2, 1.8, 2.0, 2.4, 2.8, 3.4, 4.0	120	25
吸附时间	6	200, 300, 400	0.8, 1.8, 2.8	5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 90, 120	25, 35, 45
吸附等温曲线	6	200, 300, 400, 500	0.4	60	25
动力学	6	200	0.4	5, 10, 15, 20, 25,30, 40, 50, 60	25

焙烧温度/℃	质量分数/%
焙烧温度/℃	γ-C₂S	β-C₂S	MgO	无定形组分
300	43.7	9.2	2.4	44.7
400	41.5	8.5	2.5	47.5
500	38.5	7.7	1.8	51.9
600	33.8	18.8	1.7	45.7
700	27.8	15.4	2.7	54.2

镁渣基多孔材料的制备及其对废水中Pb²⁺的吸附性能

Preparation of magnesium slag-based porous materials and their performance for Pb²⁺ adsorption in wastewater

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配比	镁渣/g	水玻璃/g	NaOH/g	外加水/g	玉米芯粉末/g	抗压强度/MPa
1%-8%-1.0	150	44.8	10.8	45.4	1.5	4.06
3%-8%-1.0	150	44.8	10.8	45.4	4.5	3.17
5%-8%-1.0	150	44.8	10.8	45.4	7.5	3.4
8%-8%-1.0	150	44.8	10.8	45.4	12	1.96
10%-8%-1.0	150	44.8	10.8	45.4	15	0.76
1%-8%-1.3	150	58.3	9.4	36.5	1.5	3.66
3%-8%-1.3	150	58.3	9.4	36.5	4.5	3.38
5%-8%-1.3	150	58.3	9.4	36.5	7.5	3.58
8%-8%-1.3	150	58.3	9.4	36.5	12	2.28
10%-8%-1.3	150	58.3	9.4	36.5	15	1.62
1%-10%-1.0	150	56	13.5	38.04	1.5	3.74
3%-10%-1.0	150	56	13.5	38.04	4.5	3.98
5%-10%-1.0	150	56	13.5	38.04	7.5	2.67
8%-10%-1.0	150	56	13.5	38.04	12	2.88
10%-10%-1.0	150	56	13.5	38.04	15	3.08
1%-10%-1.3	150	72.9	11.7	26.9	1.5	4.54
3%-10%-1.3	150	72.9	11.7	26.9	4.5	3.98
5%-10%-1.3	150	72.9	11.7	26.9	7.5	3.61
8%-10%-1.3	150	72.9	11.7	26.9	12	2.84
10%-10%-1.3	150	72.9	11.7	26.9	15	2.38

发泡类型	配比	抗压强度/MPa	吸附量/mg·g^-1
发泡剂发泡	原镁渣	0.2	239.1
	1%-8%-1.0	4.06	28.13
	3%-8%-1.0	3.17	49.22
	5%-8%-1.0	3.4	66.91
	8%-8%-1.0	1.96	89.15
	10%-8%-1.0	0.76	104.66
	1%-8%-1.3	3.66	34.79
	3%-8%-1.3	3.38	45.87
	5%-8%-1.3	3.58	33.8
	8%-8%-1.3	2.28	21.53
	10%-8%-1.3	1.62	24.42
	1%-10%-1.0	3.74	229.82
	3%-10%-1.0	3.98	122.06
	5%-10%-1.0	2.67	115.88
	8%-10%-1.0	2.88	137
	10%-10%-1.0	3.08	87.68
	1%-10%-1.3	4.54	208.21
	3%-10%-1.3	3.98	278.77
	5%-10%-1.3	3.61	298.65
	8%-10%-1.3	2.84	303.95
	10%-10%-1.3	2.38	236.36

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