基于CPCM正六边形砖的蓄热储能系统设计与蓄放热模拟

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2024-0890

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

设计了相变蓄热储能系统，创新性地采用了正六边形砖和复合相变材料（composite phase change materials，CPCM），利用ANSYS Fluent进行相变蓄热储能系统蓄放热过程特性数值模拟对蓄放热过程进行研究，探究相变蓄热砖的形状、相变蓄热砖的材料以及加热功率对所设计相变蓄热储能系统蓄热过程的影响，以及CPCM蓄热温度、空气入口流速以及空气入口温度对其放热过程的影响。模拟结果表明，在每根加热棒的加热功率为0.7kW的加热条件下，蓄热过程所需的充电时间约为7.7h，蓄热体平均温度可达870℃，模拟结果符合设计要求；正六边形砖展现出更好的加热均匀性，采用CPCM后的蓄热体具有更好的蓄热性能，加热功率的增加可以很大程度上加快蓄热过程；放热过程采用1m/s空气入口流速较为合适，此时所需的放电时间为14.6h，空气入口流速越快、温度越低、CPCM蓄热温度越低的情况下系统的放热速率越高。系统总的蓄放热时间约为22.3h，能够较好实现谷电利用。

关键词: 储能系统, 正六边形砖, 复合相变材料, 蓄放热, 数值模拟

Abstract:

The phase-change heat storage and energy storage system was designed, and the regular hexagonal brick and composite phase change materials (CPCM) were innovatively adopted. The characteristics of the heat storage and release process of the phase-change heat storage and energy storage system were numerically simulated by ANSYS Fluent, and the heat storage and release process was studied. The influence of the shape, material and heating power of the phase-change thermal storage brick on the heat storage process of the designed phase-change thermal storage system, as well as the influence of CPCM thermal storage temperature, air inlet flow rate and air inlet temperature on the heat release process were investigated. The simulation results showed that under the heating power of each heating rod of 0.7kW, the charging time required for the heat storage process was about 7.7h, and the average temperature of the heat storage body could reach 870℃. The simulation results met the design requirements. The regular hexagonal brick showed better heating uniformity, the heat accumulator with CPCM had better heat storage performance, and the increase of heating power could greatly accelerate the heat storage process. In the heat release process, 1m/s air inlet flow rate was more appropriate, and the required discharge time was 14.6h. The faster the air inlet flow rate, the lower the temperature and the lower the CPCM heat storage temperature, the higher the heat release rate of the system. The total heat storage and release time of the system was about 22.3h, which could realize the utilization of peak and valley electricity well.

Key words: energy storage system, regular hexagonal brick, composite phase change materials, heat storage and release, numerical simulation

中图分类号:

TK02

尹少武, 黄若萧, 昝晓君, 童莉葛, 刘传平, 王立. 基于CPCM正六边形砖的蓄热储能系统设计与蓄放热模拟[J]. 化工进展, 2024, 43(S1): 243-254.

YIN Shaowu, HUANG Ruoxiao, ZAN Xiaojun, TONG Lige, LIU Chuanping, WANG Li. Design of phase-change heat and energy storage system based on CPCM hexagonal and simulation of heat storage and release[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2024, 43(S1): 243-254.

图/表 20

图1 相变蓄热砖

表1 复合相变材料参数及其与普通镁铁材料特性对比

性能参数	镁铁蓄热砖	CPCM
价格区间/CNY·t^-1	4000~6500	2800~3800
平均体密度/g·cm^-3	2.95	2.16
平均比热容/kJ·kg^-1·K^-1	1.19	1.10
热导率/W·m^-1·K^-1	2.95	3.304
抗压强度/MPa	50	7.28
储热密度/kJ·kg^-1	957.95	1266.58

图2 蓄热体横截面

图3 相变蓄热储能系统

图4 相变蓄热储能系统仿真模型

图5 模型网格化及其网格质量

图6 CPCM平均温度和液相率随时间的变化趋势

图7 CPCM短纵剖面液相率及温度随时间变化过程图

图8 正六边形砖和传统长方体砖蓄热4800s后的温度分布图

图9 正六边形砖和传统长方体砖蓄热过程CPCM液相率和平均温度变化对比图

图10 蓄热体储存能量和平均温度变化对比图

图11 不同加热功率条件下CPCM平均温度和液相率随时间变化对比图

图12 不同加热功率条件下CPCM储存能量和加热棒最高平均温度随时间变化对比图

图13 蓄热完加热棒最高平均温度与CPCM平均温度差值对比图

图14 放热过程CPCM长纵剖面液相率和温度随时间变化过程

图15 空气出口平均温度在系统放电过程的变化趋势图

图16 不同空气入口流速下CPCM平均温度和空气出口平均温度随时间变化对比图

图17 不同空气入口温度下CPCM平均温度随时间变化对比图

图18 不同空气入口温度下空气出口平均温度和CPCM储存能量随时间变化对比图

图19 不同CPCM蓄热温度下CPCM平均温度随时间变化对比图

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