低含水阶段含蜡原油不加热集油温度下限确定

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2024-1015

化工进展 ›› 2024, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (S1): 255-267.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2024-1015

低含水阶段含蜡原油不加热集油温度下限确定

熊建华¹(), 段志刚¹, 陈剑峰¹, 于乐², 康玉阳¹, 孙韶峰¹, 秦远智³, 黄启玉³()

^1.中国石油化工股份有限公司江苏油田分公司，江苏扬州 225009
^2.中国石油天然气股份有限公司长庆油田页岩油开发分公司，甘肃庆阳 745000
^3.中国石油大学（北京）机械与储运工程学院/油气管道输送安全国家工程实验室/城市油气输配技术北京市重点实验室，北京 102249

收稿日期:2024-06-24 修回日期:2024-09-25 出版日期:2024-11-20 发布日期:2024-12-06
通讯作者: 黄启玉
作者简介:熊建华（1968—），男，博士，教授级高级工程师，研究方向为石油工程。E-mail：xiongjh.jsyt@sinopec.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金重点项目(51534007);国家自然科学基金面上项目(51374224)

Determination of the lower limit of unheated oil gathering temperature for waxy crude oils in the low water content stage

XIONG Jianhua¹(), DUAN Zhigang¹, CHEN Jianfeng¹, YU Le², KANG Yuyang¹, SUN Shaofeng¹, QIN Yuanzhi³, HUANG Qiyu³()

^1.Jiangsu Oil Field Bureau, SINOPEC, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
^2.Changqing Oilfield Shale Oil Development Branch, PetroChina Company Limited, Qingyang 745000, Gansu, China
^3.College of Mechanical and Storage Engineering, China University of Petroleum (Beijing)/National Engineering Laboratory of Oil and Gas Pipeline Transportation Safety /Beijing Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Transmission and Distribution Technology, Beijing 102249, China

Received:2024-06-24 Revised:2024-09-25 Online:2024-11-20 Published:2024-12-06
Contact: HUANG Qiyu

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

油田开发初期，井口采出液含水率较低，管流在集输过程中极易形成W/O乳状液，当集油温度降低时，蜡分子析出，凝油大量黏附积聚在管道内壁，导致井口回压升高，严重时可能会发生堵管等事故，对降温输送产生了巨大阻碍。因此针对低含水阶段含蜡原油开展不加热集油温度下限研究，本文提出不加热集输温度边界条件判定方法，对于开发初期油田不加热集输工艺的开展具有重要意义。利用室内可承压模拟罐装置进行了低含水含蜡原油粘壁实验，对低含水阶段含蜡原油的粘壁规律进行了分析，确定了凝点、含水率、剪切速率是影响粘壁温度的主要因素，建立了低含水阶段含蜡原油不加热集输粘壁温度预测模型，利用油田现场环道实验装置进行了验证，误差在2℃范围内，满足工程运用需求。

关键词: 低含水阶段, 油包水乳状液, 不加热集输, 粘壁温度

Abstract:

At the early stage of oilfield development, the water content of wellhead extractive fluid is low, and the tubing flow is very easy to form water-in-oil(W/O) emulsion in the process of gathering and transporting. When the temperature of oil gathering is lowered, the wax molecules are precipitated, and a large amount of condensate adheres and accumulates on the inner wall of the tubing, resulting in the increase of back pressure at the wellhead. And in serious case, accidents such as plugging of the tubing may occur, which are a great obstacle to the cooling down and transporting. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the lower limit of unheated oil gathering temperature for waxy crude oil in the low water content stage and put forward the method of determining the boundary condition of unheated gathering temperature for the unheated gathering process in the early stage of oilfield development. The indoor pressure simulation tank device was used to carry out wall-sticking experiment of waxy crude oil in the low water content stage, wall-sticking law of waxy crude oil in the low water content stage was analyzed, and it was determined that the freezing point, water content, and shear rate was the main factors affecting the sticking wall temperature. An wall-sticking temperature prediction model for waxy crude oil in the low water content stage unheated gathering and transportation was established, which was verified by the oilfield field ring road test device, and the error was within 2℃, which met the requirements of engineering application.

Key words: low water content stage, water-in-oil emulsion, unheated gathering and transporting, sticky wall temperature

中图分类号:

TE832

熊建华, 段志刚, 陈剑峰, 于乐, 康玉阳, 孙韶峰, 秦远智, 黄启玉. 低含水阶段含蜡原油不加热集油温度下限确定[J]. 化工进展, 2024, 43(S1): 255-267.

XIONG Jianhua, DUAN Zhigang, CHEN Jianfeng, YU Le, KANG Yuyang, SUN Shaofeng, QIN Yuanzhi, HUANG Qiyu. Determination of the lower limit of unheated oil gathering temperature for waxy crude oils in the low water content stage[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2024, 43(S1): 255-267.

图/表 13

参考文献 18

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油品名称	凝点/℃	50℃密度 /kg·m^-3	析蜡点 /℃	析蜡高峰/℃	含蜡量（质量分数）/%
1^#原油	33	863.0	50.97	16.78	18.47
2^#原油	29	821.0	48.27	19.25	18.24
3^#原油	32	838.1	41.68	22.28	19.67
4^#原油	32	848.0	46.03	30.06	18.48
5^#原油	29	865.2	52.12	22.03	18.15
6^#原油	30	853.0	43.89	16.21	15.91
7^#原油	34	830.0	51.90	19.59	16.89

油品名称	凝点/℃	50℃密度 /kg·m^-3	析蜡点 /℃	析蜡高峰/℃	含蜡量（质量分数）/%
1^#原油	33	863.0	50.97	16.78	18.47
2^#原油	29	821.0	48.27	19.25	18.24
3^#原油	32	838.1	41.68	22.28	19.67
4^#原油	32	848.0	46.03	30.06	18.48
5^#原油	29	865.2	52.12	22.03	18.15
6^#原油	30	853.0	43.89	16.21	15.91
7^#原油	34	830.0	51.90	19.59	16.89

参数	凝点	含水率	剪切速率	粘壁温度
凝点
皮尔逊相关性	1	0.508**	0	0.886**
个案数	105	105	105	105
含水率
皮尔逊相关性	0.508**	1	0	0.434**
显著性（双尾）	0	—	1	0
剪切速率
个案数	105	105	105	105
皮尔逊相关性	0	0	1	-0.226*
粘壁温度
显著性（双尾）	1	1	—	0.02
个案数	105	105	105	105

参数	凝点	含水率	剪切速率	粘壁温度
凝点
皮尔逊相关性	1	0.508**	0	0.886**
个案数	105	105	105	105
含水率
皮尔逊相关性	0.508**	1	0	0.434**
显著性（双尾）	0	—	1	0
剪切速率
个案数	105	105	105	105
皮尔逊相关性	0	0	1	-0.226*
粘壁温度
显著性（双尾）	1	1	—	0.02
个案数	105	105	105	105

凝点/℃	剪切速率/s^-1	含水率/%	粘壁温度实验值/℃	粘壁温度计算值/℃	粘壁温度实验值与计算值的误差/℃
34	10	0	30	30.61	0.61
34	20	10	30	29.99	0.01
34	40	20	29	29.27	0.27
34	10	30	31	30.60	0.40
34	20	40	31	29.99	1.01
34	40	0	30	29.27	0.73
35	10	10	31	31.58	0.58
35	20	20	31	30.97	0.03
35	40	30	30	30.24	0.24
36	10	40	32	32.52	0.52
36	20	0	32	31.89	0.11
36	40	10	31	31.15	0.15
37	10	20	33	33.39	0.39
37	20	30	33	32.74	0.26
37	40	40	32	31.97	0.03

低含水阶段含蜡原油不加热集油温度下限确定

Determination of the lower limit of unheated oil gathering temperature for waxy crude oils in the low water content stage

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输量/m³·h^-1	含水率/%	粘壁温度现场实验值/℃	粘壁温度室内实验值/℃	粘壁温度现场与室内实验值的误差/℃	粘壁温度模型计算值/℃	粘壁温度现场实验值与模型计算值的误差/℃
0.104	20	31.9	31	0.9	31.58	0.32
0.104	30	32.2	31	1.2	32.52	0.32
0.104	40	32.6	32	0.6	33.39	0.79
0.234	20	31.4	31	0.4	30.97	0.43
0.234	30	31.7	31	0.7	31.89	0.19
0.234	40	32	32	0	32.74	0.74
0.443	20	31	30	1	30.24	0.76
0.443	30	31.3	30	1.3	31.15	0.15
0.443	40	31.5	31	0.5	31.97	0.47