化工进展 ›› 2024, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (4): 1882-1896.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2023-0546

• 材料科学与技术 • 上一篇    

多级孔MOF的制备及其吸附分离应用研究进展

杨东晓1(), 熊启钊1, 王毅1, 陈杨1,2(), 李立博1,2, 李晋平1,2   

  1. 1.太原理工大学化学工程与技术学院,山西 太原 030024
    2.气体能源高效清洁利用山西省重点实验室,山西 太原 030024
  • 收稿日期:2023-04-07 修回日期:2023-06-07 出版日期:2024-04-15 发布日期:2024-05-13
  • 通讯作者: 陈杨
  • 作者简介:杨东晓(1999—),女,硕士研究生,研究方向为MOF材料的结构调控与气体吸附。E-mail:yangdongxiaotyut@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(22090062);山西省基础研究计划(202203021224005)

Progress in the preparation of hierarchically porous MOF and applications in adsorption and separation

YANG Dongxiao1(), XIONG Qizhao1, WANG Yi1, CHEN Yang1,2(), LI Libo1,2, LI Jinping1,2   

  1. 1.College of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
    2.Shanxi Key Laboratory of Gas Energy Efficient and Clean Utilization, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
  • Received:2023-04-07 Revised:2023-06-07 Online:2024-04-15 Published:2024-05-13
  • Contact: CHEN Yang

摘要:

金属有机框架材料(MOF)因其具有高比表面积、丰富孔隙率、孔径可调的优点,受诸多学者关注,被认为是用于吸附分离的理想吸附剂。但是在实际应用中,大部分微孔MOF材料在吸附过程中的内在传质速率严重受限,而且构建多级孔的方法一般不具有普遍性。本文介绍了调节剂策略、模板策略、后处理策略等构建多级孔MOF的方法,制备了兼具介孔、大孔的多级孔材料,并结合应用场景评价各方法的优缺点,以获得在相对温和条件下构建孔径可调的多级孔MOF的普适性策略。针对多级孔MOF材料在气体吸附分离领域的应用问题,着重剖析了构建多级孔MOF对CO2气体吸附提升的案例,发现多级孔的构建增加了孔径,提高了MOF的比表面积,提供了额外的孔通道,使气体分子的吸附容量和传质速率得到提升,表明多级孔MOF在气体吸附分离方面有优异的性能。最后讨论了多级孔MOF合成和应用存在的问题,并对多级孔MOF面临的合成过程绿色可重复等挑战进行了展望。

关键词: MOF材料, 多级孔, 气体吸附, 分离, 传质速率

Abstract:

Metal-organic framework (MOF), which has the advantages of high specific surface area, abundant porosity and adjustable pore size, has received attention from many scholars and is considered as an ideal adsorbent for adsorption and separation. However, in practical applications, most microporous MOF materials are severely limited in their intrinsic mass transfer rates during adsorption, and methods for constructing hierarchically pores are not universally applicable. In this paper, the methods for constructing hierarchical pores MOF such as moderator strategy, template strategy and post-processing strategy were introduced. The hierarchically pores materials with both mesopores and macropores were prepared, and the advantages and disadvantages of each method with application scenarios to obtain a universal strategy for constructing hierarchical pores MOF with adjustable pore size under relatively mild conditions were evaluated. To address the application of hierarchically porous MOF materials in the field of gas adsorption and separation, this paper focused on the case of constructing hierarchical pores MOF to enhance the adsorption of CO2 gas. It was found that the construction of hierarchically porous increased the pore size, improved the specific surface area of MOF, and provided additional pore channels to enhance the adsorption capacity and mass transfer rate of gas molecules. The results showed that the hierarchically pores MOF had excellent performance in gas adsorption and separation. Finally, the problems of hierarchical pores MOF synthesis and application were discussed, and the challenges faced by hierarchical pores MOF such as green reproducibility of the synthesis process were prospected.

Key words: metal-organic framework, hierarchically pores, gas adsorption, separation, mass transfer rate

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