超音速旋流分离器湿气出口段液膜测量

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2023-1339

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

超音速旋流分离技术作为一种新型的多相流分离技术，在天然气脱水脱烃领域有较好的应用前景。超音速分离器内液膜特性与分离性能息息相关，本文以其湿气出口段液膜特征为研究对象，开发了一套FPC电导式液膜厚度测量系统，设计了标定装置获取传感器实际输出特性。搭建实验管段展开气液两相分离实验，研究了入口含液量与背压比对液膜特征的影响。实验显示液膜厚度低于500μm时传感器灵敏度较高，拟合曲线误差在±5%以内。时域上统计学分析表明液膜厚度呈双峰分布，基层厚度约为70µm。频域上小波包分解后第2、第3频段与其他频段能量分布变化趋势有明显差异，据此对原始信号依次进行重构、局部均值分解、求近似熵和聚类，结果表明含液量增大，液膜波动加剧，近似熵可聚类为三类，对应三种流形。采用互相关算法分析液膜扰动波速度，含液量增大其流向分量与周向分量均呈指数增长趋势，流向分量及其RMSE范围分别为84.7~339.0mm/s、1.15~4.51mm/s，周向分量及其RMSE范围分别为54.8~186.4mm/s、1.20~3.38mm/s。

关键词: 超音速分离器, FPC电导式液膜传感器, 液膜特征, 小波包变换, 局部均值分解

Abstract:

As a new type of multiphase flow separation technology, supersonic swirling separation technology has a good application prospect in the field of natural gas dehydration and hydrocarbon removal. Liquid film characteristics in supersonic separators have a significant impact on separation performance. Therefore, the liquid film characteristics of its wet gas outlet was taken as research object, and a set of FPC conductive liquid film thickness measurement system was developed, and a calibration device was designed to obtain the actual output characteristics of the sensor. On the basis, an experimental tube section was constructed and gas-liquid two-phase separation experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of inlet liquid content and back pressure ratio on the liquid film thickness at the wet gas outlet of the supersonic separator. The calibration results showed that the sensor had high sensitivity at the liquid film thickness below 500μm, and the fitting error was within ±5%. A bimodal distribution of the liquid film thickness with a base layer thickness of about 70µm was analyzed statistically in the time domain. There was a significant difference in the trend of energy distribution between the 2nd and 3rd frequency bands after wavelet packet decomposition and the other frequency bands in the frequency domain, whereby the original signal was sequentially reconstructed, subjected to local mean decomposition, solved for approximate entropy and clustered. The liquid film fluctuation increased with increasing liquid content, and the approximate entropy can be clustered into three classes corresponding to three flow patterns. Last, the liquid film disturbance wave velocity was analyzed by using the cross-correlation algorithm, and both the flow direction component and the circumferential direction component showed an exponential growth trend with the increase of liquid content, and the flow direction component and its RMSE ranged from 84.7mm/s to 339.0mm/s and 1.15mm/s to 4.51mm/s, respectively, and the circumferential direction component and its RMSE ranged from 54.8mm/s to 186.4mm/s and 1.20mm/s to 3.38mm/s.

Key words: supersonic swirling separator, FPC conductive liquid film sensor, liquid film feature, continuous wavelet transform (CWT), local mean decomposition (LMD)

中图分类号:

TP212.9

丁红兵, 张盼盼, 陈政奇, 王世伟, 梁真馨, 孙宏军. 超音速旋流分离器湿气出口段液膜测量[J]. 化工进展, 2024, 43(2): 667-679.

DING Hongbing, ZHANG Panpan, CHEN Zhengqi, WANG Shiwei, LIANG Zhenxin, SUN Hongjun. Analysis of liquid film measurement in the wet gas outlet section of supersonic swirling separator[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2024, 43(2): 667-679.

图/表 19

图1 超音速分离器分离与测量原理

图2 实验管路

图3 部分实物

图4 FPC柔性电路板设计

图5 静态平面液膜标定装置

图6 基于FPGA的液膜测量系统

图7 标定数据与拟合结果对比

图8 拟合结果误差线

图9 不同条件下液膜厚度h随时间t变化曲线

图10 不同入口含液量下液膜厚度h的概率密度分布及拟合曲线与峰值液膜平均厚度随入口含液量变化曲线

图11 不同背压比液膜厚度h的概率密度分布及拟合曲线与峰值液膜平均厚度随入口含液量变化曲线

图12 不同工作条件下液膜信号不同频段的归一化能量占比变化曲线

图13 小波包分解重构部分结果

图14 局部均值分解部分处理结果

图15 不同工作条件下各频率分量的近似熵变化规律图

图16 不同入口含液量下聚类结果

图17 互相关测速系统

图18 周向速度的计算过程

图19 流动方向和周向互相关速度的平均计算值和RMSE

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