基于二维材料膜构筑纳米流体通道的研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-1852

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

纳米流体学涉及在纳米尺度通道内流体独特的传输行为，近年来引起了研究者们的广泛兴趣。二维（2D）材料的出现以及2D材料膜的快速发展，开创了纳米流体研究的新时代。本文综述了近年来基于二维材料膜构筑纳米流体通道的研究进展，着重介绍了二维材料膜纳米流体通道的构筑方法，包括“自上而下”策略、“自下而上”策略、人工造孔策略制备二维材料多孔膜，以及范德华组装策略、液相组装策略制备二维材料叠层膜；深入讨论了二维材料膜纳米流体通道的调控手段，包括通道尺寸、长度和形状等物理结构的精密控制，通道亲和性、电荷性等化学环境的合理设计；最后总结展望了二维材料膜纳米流体在材料开发、仿生设计、传输机理和器件应用等方面所面临的机遇与挑战。

关键词: 二维材料, 膜, 纳米流体, 通道构筑, 通道调控

Abstract:

Nanofluidics involves unusual fluids motion in confinement with nanoscale characteristic dimensions. The emergence of a versatile family of two-dimensional (2D) materials and their membranes opens up a new horizon for nanofluidics studies. In this paper, it is started with a concise introduction to 2D materials and highlight how they can be engineered to construct nanofluidic channels by "top-down" strategy, "bottom-up" strategy and perforation strategy for preparing 2D porous membranes, and van der Waals assembly and solution-assisted assembly for preparing 2D laminar membranes. The methodologies of precise control of physical structures including channel size, length and morphology, and rational design of chemical environments including channel affinity and charge property of nanofluidic channels in 2D material membrane are discussed thereafter. Finally, the perspectives are provided to urgent challenges and potential opportunities in the fast-growing fields of 2D material membranes as well as nanofluidics for future research from aspects of material developing, biomimetic designing, mechanism exploring and device implementing.

Key words: two-dimensional materials, membranes, nanofluidics, channel construction, channel regulation

中图分类号:

TQ028

李佩珊, 张梦辰, 李铭杰, 郑文镳, 刘敏超, 谢高艺, 徐晓龙, 刘长宇, 郏建波. 基于二维材料膜构筑纳米流体通道的研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(7): 3745-3757.

LI Peishan, ZHANG Mengchen, LI Mingjie, ZHENG Wenbiao, LIU Minchao, XIE Gaoyi, XU Xiaolong, LIU Changyu, JIA Jianbo. Nanofluidic channels based on two-dimensional material membranes[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2022, 41(7): 3745-3757.

图/表 9

图1 “自上而下”策略制备2D纳米片[20, 23-24]

图2 “自下而上”策略制备2D纳米片[25, 29-31]

图3 人工造孔策略制备2D材料多孔膜[33-34, 37-38]

图4 范德华组装策略制备2D材料叠层膜[39-40]

图5 液相组装策略制备2D材料叠层膜[46-49]

图6 2D材料膜纳米流体通道尺寸调控[8, 55-57, 59, 64]

图7 2D材料膜纳米流体通道长度和形状调控[9, 70, 73, 78-79]

图8 2D材料膜纳米流体通道亲和性调控[56, 82-84]

(1kcal/mol=4.1868kJ/mol)

图9 2D材料膜纳米流体通道电荷性调控[89-90, 92-93]

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