纳米流体用于二氧化碳吸收分离研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-1671

化工进展 ›› 2023, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (7): 3802-3815.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-1671

纳米流体用于二氧化碳吸收分离研究进展

娄宝辉¹^,²^,³(), 吴贤豪²^,³, 张驰¹^,²^,³, 陈臻²^,³, 冯向东²^,³()

^1.浙江大学材料科学与工程学院，浙江杭州，310027
^2.浙能技术研究院有限公司，浙江杭州 311121
^3.浙江省火力发电高效节能与污染物控制技术研究重点实验室，浙江杭州 311121

收稿日期:2022-09-08 修回日期:2022-11-21 出版日期:2023-07-15 发布日期:2023-08-14
通讯作者: 冯向东
作者简介:娄宝辉（1992—），男，博士研究生，研究方向为能源高效清洁转化与低碳发展。E-mail：loubaohui@qq.com。
基金资助:
中国博士后科学基金(2022M712738)

Advances in nanofluid for CO₂ absorption and separation

LOU Baohui¹^,²^,³(), WU Xianhao²^,³, ZHANG Chi¹^,²^,³, CHEN Zhen²^,³, FENG Xiangdong²^,³()

^1.School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China
^2.Zhejiang Energy R&D Institute, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China
^3.Key Research Laboratory of High Efficiency Energy Saving and Pollutant Control Technology in Thermal Power Generation of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China

Received:2022-09-08 Revised:2022-11-21 Online:2023-07-15 Published:2023-08-14
Contact: FENG Xiangdong

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

二氧化碳是全球气候变暖的主要诱因，随着我国“碳达峰、碳中和”战略的提出，二氧化碳的捕集、储存、利用技术快速发展。纳米流体是以由纳米颗粒以预先指定的比例分散在无机或有机液相中产生的具有稳定均匀性的胶体分散系统，兼有纳米材料和液体的特性。纳米颗粒由于对传热和传质过程有着明显的强化作用，因此对二氧化碳的化学吸收具有较大的潜在工业应用价值。本文基于纳米流体的概念，从基液选择、稳定性以及传质增强机制机理阐述了纳米流体在二氧化碳吸收领域的应用；进一步综述了目前纳米流体用于二氧化碳吸收分离的研究进展，分析了基液组成、二氧化碳分压、物化特性等对二氧化碳吸收性能的影响及机理研究；最后展望了纳米流体在二氧化碳吸收分离领域的未来发展趋势。

关键词: 纳米流体, 二氧化碳, 气体分离

Abstract:

Carbon dioxide is the main cause of global warming. With the proposal of my country’s “carbon peak and carbon neutral” strategy, the technology of carbon dioxide capture, storage and utilization has developed rapidly. Nanofluid is a stable and homogeneous colloidal dispersion system produced by dispersing nanoparticles in an inorganic or organic liquid phase in a pre-specified ratio, and has both the characteristics of nanomaterials and liquids. Nanoparticles have a great potential industrial application value for the chemical absorption of carbon dioxide due to their obvious strengthening effect on the heat transfer and mass transfer process. Based on the concept of nanofluids, this paper expounded the application of nanofluids in the field of carbon dioxide absorption from the perspective of base fluid selection, stability, and mass transfer enhancement mechanism; further reviewed the current research progress of nanofluids in carbon dioxide absorption and separation, and analyzed the effects of composition, partial pressure of carbon dioxide, and physical and chemical properties on carbon dioxide absorption performance and mechanism research. Finally, the future development trend of nanofluids in the field of carbon dioxide absorption and separation was prospected.

Key words: nanofluid, carbon dioxide, gas separation

中图分类号:

TB383

娄宝辉, 吴贤豪, 张驰, 陈臻, 冯向东. 纳米流体用于二氧化碳吸收分离研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(7): 3802-3815.

LOU Baohui, WU Xianhao, ZHANG Chi, CHEN Zhen, FENG Xiangdong. Advances in nanofluid for CO₂ absorption and separation[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2023, 42(7): 3802-3815.

图/表 13

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纳米颗粒	平均尺寸 /nm	形貌	比表面积 /m²·g^-1	密度 /kg·m^-3	热导率 /W·m^-1·K^-1
Fe₃O₄	4~5	球形	40~60	5200	17.65
SiO₂	10~15	球形	180~270	2200	—
TiO₂	<50	球形	50±15	5500~6000	—
ZnO	10~30	纳米棒	20~60	5606	29
NiO₂	50	—	—	6670	—
Al₂O₃	<40	球形	—	4700	36~40
MgO	—	立方体	—	2900	48.4

纳米颗粒	平均尺寸 /nm	形貌	比表面积 /m²·g^-1	密度 /kg·m^-3	热导率 /W·m^-1·K^-1
Fe₃O₄	4~5	球形	40~60	5200	17.65
SiO₂	10~15	球形	180~270	2200	—
TiO₂	<50	球形	50±15	5500~6000	—
ZnO	10~30	纳米棒	20~60	5606	29
NiO₂	50	—	—	6670	—
Al₂O₃	<40	球形	—	4700	36~40
MgO	—	立方体	—	2900	48.4

研究人员	反应器	纳米颗粒类型	溶剂	增强/%	负载
Jiang等^[60]	鼓泡反应器	TiO₂	MEA	0.7	0.06%（质量分数）
Jiang等^[60]	鼓泡反应器	Al₂O₃	MEA	0.02	0.06%（质量分数）
Lu等^[12]	搅拌式反应器	CNT	水	100	1.6kg/m³
Lu等^[12]	搅拌式反应器	Al₂O₃	水	5	1.6kg/m³
Pineda等^[71]	设有托盘的吸收塔	TiO₂	甲醇	5	0.05%（体积分数）
		SiO₂		6	0.05%（体积分数）
		A1₂O₃		10	0.05%（体积分数）
Zhang等^[72]	搅拌式反应器	TiO₂	碳酸丙烯酯	60	1.0kg/m³
Golkhar等^[73]	中空纤维膜气液反应器	SiO₂	水	20	0.5%（质量分数）
Golkhar等^[73]	中空纤维膜气液反应器	CNT	水	40	0.5%（质量分数）
Haghtalab等^[74]	准静态等温高压搅拌反应器	SiO₂	水	7	0.1%（质量分数）
Haghtalab等^[74]	准静态等温高压搅拌反应器	ZnO	水	14	0.1%（质量分数）
Nabipour等^[75]	准静态高压反应器	Fe₃O₄	Sulfinol-M	14.7	0.02%（质量分数）
Kim等^[76]	鼓泡吸收器	SiO₂	水	24	0.21%（质量分数）
Pang等^[77]	吸收柱	Ag	水/NH₃混合物	55	0.02%（质量分数）
Lee和Kang^[78]	鼓泡反应器	Al₂O₃	NaCl溶液	12.5	0.01%（体积分数）
Zhu等^[88]	微型搅拌反应器	MCM41（中孔SiO₂）	水	60	0.4%（质量分数）
Lee等^[91]	鼓泡反应器	Al₂O₃	甲醇	5.6	0.01%（体积分数）
Jung等^[92]	鼓泡反应器	Al₂O₃	甲醇	8	0.01%（体积分数）

研究人员	反应器	纳米颗粒类型	溶剂	增强/%	负载
Jiang等^[60]	鼓泡反应器	TiO₂	MEA	0.7	0.06%（质量分数）
Jiang等^[60]	鼓泡反应器	Al₂O₃	MEA	0.02	0.06%（质量分数）
Lu等^[12]	搅拌式反应器	CNT	水	100	1.6kg/m³
Lu等^[12]	搅拌式反应器	Al₂O₃	水	5	1.6kg/m³
Pineda等^[71]	设有托盘的吸收塔	TiO₂	甲醇	5	0.05%（体积分数）
		SiO₂		6	0.05%（体积分数）
		A1₂O₃		10	0.05%（体积分数）
Zhang等^[72]	搅拌式反应器	TiO₂	碳酸丙烯酯	60	1.0kg/m³
Golkhar等^[73]	中空纤维膜气液反应器	SiO₂	水	20	0.5%（质量分数）
Golkhar等^[73]	中空纤维膜气液反应器	CNT	水	40	0.5%（质量分数）
Haghtalab等^[74]	准静态等温高压搅拌反应器	SiO₂	水	7	0.1%（质量分数）
Haghtalab等^[74]	准静态等温高压搅拌反应器	ZnO	水	14	0.1%（质量分数）
Nabipour等^[75]	准静态高压反应器	Fe₃O₄	Sulfinol-M	14.7	0.02%（质量分数）
Kim等^[76]	鼓泡吸收器	SiO₂	水	24	0.21%（质量分数）
Pang等^[77]	吸收柱	Ag	水/NH₃混合物	55	0.02%（质量分数）
Lee和Kang^[78]	鼓泡反应器	Al₂O₃	NaCl溶液	12.5	0.01%（体积分数）
Zhu等^[88]	微型搅拌反应器	MCM41（中孔SiO₂）	水	60	0.4%（质量分数）
Lee等^[91]	鼓泡反应器	Al₂O₃	甲醇	5.6	0.01%（体积分数）
Jung等^[92]	鼓泡反应器	Al₂O₃	甲醇	8	0.01%（体积分数）

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纳米流体用于二氧化碳吸收分离研究进展

Advances in nanofluid for CO₂ absorption and separation

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纳米流体用于二氧化碳吸收分离研究进展

Advances in nanofluid for CO2 absorption and separation

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Advances in nanofluid for CO₂ absorption and separation