改良型CO2湿壁塔内气液两相流动规律及传质特性

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-1372

化工进展 ›› 2023, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (7): 3457-3467.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-1372

改良型CO₂湿壁塔内气液两相流动规律及传质特性

陆诗建¹^,²^,³(), 刘苗苗¹^,²^,³, 杨菲¹^,²^,³, 张俊杰⁴, 陈思铭¹^,²^,³, 刘玲¹^,²^,³, 康国俊¹^,²^,³, 李清方⁵

^1.中国矿业大学碳中和研究院，江苏徐州 221116
^2.中国矿业大学江苏省煤基温室气体减排与资源化利用重点实验室，江苏徐州 221008
^3.中国矿业大学化工学院，江苏徐州 221116
^4.中国石油大学（华东）新能源学院，山东青岛 266580
^5.中石化石油工程设计有限公司，山东东营 257026

收稿日期:2022-07-21 修回日期:2023-04-03 出版日期:2023-07-15 发布日期:2023-08-14
通讯作者: 陆诗建
作者简介:陆诗建（1984—），男，博士，研究员，研究方向为CCUS与废气治理技术。E-mail：lushijian@cumt.edu.cn。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2022YFE0115800);江苏省科技厅科技项目——碳达峰碳中和科技创新专项资金项目(BE2022613);江苏省煤基温室气体减排与资源化利用重点实验室创新能力建设专项(2020ZDZZ01A)

Gas-liquid two-phase flow and mass transfer characteristics in an improved CO₂ wet-wall column

LU Shijian¹^,²^,³(), LIU Miaomiao¹^,²^,³, YANG Fei¹^,²^,³, ZHANG Junjie⁴, CHEN Siming¹^,²^,³, LIU Ling¹^,²^,³, KANG Guojun¹^,²^,³, LI Qingfang⁵

^1.Institute of Carbon Neutralization, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China
^2.Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Coal-based Greenhouse Gas Control and Utilization, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221008, Jiangsu, China
^3.School of Chemical Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China
^4.New Energy College, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, Shandong, China
^5.Sinopec Petroleum Engineering Design Company Limited, Dongying 257026, Shandong, China

Received:2022-07-21 Revised:2023-04-03 Online:2023-07-15 Published:2023-08-14
Contact: LU Shijian

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于Fluent软件，采用层流模型、VOF模型及非稳态类型，模拟基准湿壁塔和改良型湿壁塔的气液两相流场，分析稳定液膜边界气液两相流场对传质过程的影响。结果表明，随液相入口流量的增大，在稳定液膜边界气相涡旋运动逐渐增强，气液两相混合程度加强，利于改良型湿壁塔的气液两相传质。在一定气相入口流量范围内，随气相入口流量的增大，液膜界面涡旋运动增强，气液两相混合程度加强，利于改良型湿壁塔的气液两相传质；气相入口流量不宜过大，否则导致液相不能沿湿壁柱向下流动形成稳定的液膜，不利于传质。改良型湿壁塔的变径结构和气体挡板均利于气液两相混合，利于传质。改良型湿壁塔的传质过程在液膜边界发生，随液相入口流量的增大液膜厚度增加，液膜表面积增大，有效传质面积增大，利于气液两相传质。通过对比基准湿壁塔和改良型湿壁塔的气液两相流场，改良型湿壁塔内气液两相混合程度加强，更利于传质。

关键词: 基准湿壁塔, 改良型湿壁塔, 液膜, 速度场, 气体挡板

Abstract:

Fluent software is used to simulate gas-liquid two-phase flow field of benchmark and improved wet-wall tower by laminar flow model, VOF model and unsteady type. The influence of gas-liquid two-phase flow field on the mass transfer process was analyzed qualitatively. The results showed that with the increase of liquid inlet flow rate, the vortex motion of gas phase at the stable liquid film boundary was gradually enhanced, and the mixing degree of gas and liquid phase was strengthened, which was conducive to the improved gas-liquid mass transfer in the wet-wall column. In a certain range of gas inlet flow, with the increase of gas inlet flow, the vortex movement of liquid film interface was enhanced, and the mixing degree of gas-liquid two phases was strengthened, which was beneficial to the gas-liquid two mass transfer of the improved wet-wall tower. The gas phase inlet flow should not be too large, otherwise the liquid phase cannot flow down along the wet pilaster to form a stable liquid film, which was not conducive to mass transfer. The reduced diameter structure and gas baffle of the modified wet-wall tower were conducive to gas-liquid mixing and mass transfer. The mass transfer process of the improved wet-wall column occurs at the liquid film boundary. With the increase of liquid inlet flow, the liquid film thickness, the liquid film surface area, and the effective mass transfer area all increased, which was conducive to the transfer of gas and liquid. By comparing the gas-liquid two-phase flow field of the base wet-wall column with that of the improved wet-wall column, the mixing degree of gas-liquid two phases in the improved wet-wall column was strengthened, which was more conducive to mass transfer.

Key words: datum wet-wall tower, improved wet-wall tower, liquid membrane, velocity field, gas damper

中图分类号:

X701

陆诗建, 刘苗苗, 杨菲, 张俊杰, 陈思铭, 刘玲, 康国俊, 李清方. 改良型CO₂湿壁塔内气液两相流动规律及传质特性[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(7): 3457-3467.

LU Shijian, LIU Miaomiao, YANG Fei, ZHANG Junjie, CHEN Siming, LIU Ling, KANG Guojun, LI Qingfang. Gas-liquid two-phase flow and mass transfer characteristics in an improved CO₂ wet-wall column[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2023, 42(7): 3457-3467.

图/表 17

图1 CO2吸收塔模拟示意图

图2 湿壁塔模拟示意图

表1 通用控制方程中各符号的具体形式

方程	符号
方程	φ	Γ	S
连续方程	1	0	0
动量方程	u_i	μ	$- ∂ p ∂ x i + S i$
组分方程	c_i	$D s ρ$	$S i$

表1 通用控制方程中各符号的具体形式

方程	符号
方程	φ	Γ	S
连续方程	1	0	0
动量方程	u_i	μ	$- ∂ p ∂ x i + S i$
组分方程	c_i	$D s ρ$	$S i$

表2 湿壁塔液相H2O入口参数表

体积流量V_L/mL·min^-1	体积流量V_L/m³·s^-1	入口速度 $v L$ /m·s^-1	雷诺数Re_L
735	0.0000123	0.15	149.73
980	0.0000163	0.2	199.64
1225	0.0000204	0.25	249.55
1470	0.0000245	0.3	299.46
1714	0.0000286	0.35	349.37
1959	0.0000327	0.4	399.28
2204	0.0000367	0.45	449.19
2449	0.0000408	0.5	499.1
2694	0.0000449	0.55	549.01
2939	0.0000490	0.6	598.92

表2 湿壁塔液相H2O入口参数表

体积流量V_L/mL·min^-1	体积流量V_L/m³·s^-1	入口速度 $v L$ /m·s^-1	雷诺数Re_L
735	0.0000123	0.15	149.73
980	0.0000163	0.2	199.64
1225	0.0000204	0.25	249.55
1470	0.0000245	0.3	299.46
1714	0.0000286	0.35	349.37
1959	0.0000327	0.4	399.28
2204	0.0000367	0.45	449.19
2449	0.0000408	0.5	499.1
2694	0.0000449	0.55	549.01
2939	0.0000490	0.6	598.92

图3 改良型湿壁塔结构图1—上法兰；2—垫片；3—螺栓孔；4—活套法兰；5—玻璃夹套；6—导热介质进口；7—湿壁塔下盖；8—气体环腔；9—气体挡板；10—偏心气孔；11—进气孔；12—排液口；13—填料函；14—湿壁柱；15—导热介质出口；16—螺旋下料布膜；17—顶帽

图4 改良型湿壁塔几何模型和网格划分

图5 改良型湿壁塔的速度矢量图

图6 改良型湿壁塔轴向速度分布图

图7 改良型湿壁塔径向速度分布图

图8 不同液相入口流量下的速度矢量图

图9 不同气相入口流量下的速度矢量图

图10 无变径结构速度矢量图（νL=0.6m/s，νg=0.5m/s）

图11 无气体挡板速度矢量图（νL=0.6m/s，νg=0.5m/s）

图12 改良型湿壁塔相图

图13 改良型湿壁塔压力云图

图14 改良型湿壁塔的理论和模拟液膜厚度对比曲线

图15 改良型湿壁塔的理论和模拟液膜表面积对比曲线

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改良型CO₂湿壁塔内气液两相流动规律及传质特性

Gas-liquid two-phase flow and mass transfer characteristics in an improved CO₂ wet-wall column

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