电路探针测量污泥液膜厚度方法验证及应用

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-2121

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

黏附性是污泥的主要特征之一，对污泥处理处置过程有重要影响，而污泥表面液膜厚度是影响污泥黏附性的重要指标之一。本文提出了一种电路探针测量污泥液膜厚度的方法。首先，通过纯活性氧化铝验证了方法的可行性；然后进行了污泥液膜测量参数优化，包括测量电压、泥饼面积和厚度等；最后，将优化的方法应用于污泥电渗阴极液膜厚度测量，研究了污泥含水率、电渗电压和电渗时间对污泥阴极液膜厚度的影响。结果表明，污泥液膜最佳测量电压为3V，最佳泥饼面积为50mm×50mm，最佳泥饼厚度为5mm。在60%~80%（质量分数）含水率范围内，含水率对阴极液膜厚度影响较小，但对电渗电压和电渗时间影响显著，不同含水率下，阴极液膜均在30V的电渗电压和15s的电渗时间下达到最大。不同电渗工况下的液膜厚度均值在0.152~0.531mm范围内浮动。

关键词: 污泥, 黏附, 电渗透, 电路探针, 液膜厚度

Abstract:

Adhesion is one of the main characteristics of sludge, which has an important impact on sludge treatment and disposal. The thickness of liquid film on sludge surface is one of the important indicators affecting sludge adhesion. Therefore, a method of measuring the thickness of sludge liquid membrane with a circuit probe is proposed in this study. Firstly, the feasibility of the method was verified by pure activated alumina. On this basis, the measurement parameters of sludge liquid membrane were optimized, including measuring voltage, the area and the thickness of the sludge cake. Finally, the optimized method was applied to the measurement of the thickness of the cathodic liquid film of sludge after electroosmotic treatment, and the effects of sludge moisture content, electroosmosis voltage and exerting time on the thickness of sludge cathode liquid film were studied. The results showed that the optimum measuring voltage of sludge liquid membrane was 3V, the optimum sludge cake area was 50mm×50mm, and the optimum sludge cake thickness was 5mm. The measurement results of cathodic liquid film thickness of sludge electroosmosis showed that the water content had little effect on the cathodic liquid film thickness in the range of 60%—80% water content, but the electroosmosis voltage and time had significant effects. Under different water content, the cathodic liquid film reached its maximum at 30V of electroosmotic voltage and 15s of exerting time. The thickness of liquid film produced from different osmotic conditions was in the range of 0.152—0.531mm.

Key words: sewage sludge, adhesion, electro-osmosis, circuit probe, liquid film thickness

中图分类号:

X705

潘思睿, 邓文义, 苏亚欣. 电路探针测量污泥液膜厚度方法验证及应用[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(10): 5538-5547.

PAN Sirui, DENG Wenyi, SU Yaxin. Verification and application of circuit probe method for measuring the liquid film thickness of sewage sludge[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2023, 42(10): 5538-5547.

图/表 12

表1 污泥工业成分分析

名称	灰分/%	挥发分/%	固定碳/%
干污泥	45.89	47.80	6.31

图1 液膜厚度测量实验装置1—直流电源；2—数据采集仪；3—电压表；4—深度千分尺；5—阴极网板；6—阳极板；7—污泥样品；8—样品槽；9—绝缘膜；10—金属探针；11—调速电机

图2 活性氧化铝及液膜图

图3 活性氧化铝液膜及电压变化曲线（已知液膜厚度2mm）

图4 活性氧化铝液膜厚度已知值和测量值的对应关系

表2 活性氧化铝液膜厚度测量值的95%置信区间

已知液膜厚度/mm	$\bar{x}$ /mm	s/mm	SE/mm	z值	95%置信区间
0.5	0.736	0.254	0.045	1.96	[0.648, 0.825]
2	2.003	0.313	0.055	1.96	[1.890, 2.112]
4	4.333	0.456	0.081	1.96	[4.169, 4.497]

表2 活性氧化铝液膜厚度测量值的95%置信区间

已知液膜厚度/mm	$\bar{x}$ /mm	s/mm	SE/mm	z值	95%置信区间
0.5	0.736	0.254	0.045	1.96	[0.648, 0.825]
2	2.003	0.313	0.055	1.96	[1.890, 2.112]
4	4.333	0.456	0.081	1.96	[4.169, 4.497]

图5 不同测量电压所测液膜厚度

图6 不同测量电压所测电压变化

图7 不同污泥厚度电压变化图

图8 30mm×30mm阴极网板中的泡沫

图9 液膜厚度统计

表3 不同电渗工况的液膜厚度均值及其95%置信区间

污泥含水率（质量分数）/%	电压/V	电渗时间/s	液膜厚度均值/mm	95%置信水平下的置信区间
60	10	15	0.152	[0.121, 0.183]
60	20	15	0.290	[0.270, 0.310]
60	30	15	0.498	[0.451,0.546]
60	40	15	0.286	[0.260, 0.311]
60	30	30	0.267	[0.222, 0.312]
60	30	45	0.208	[0.172, 0.244]
60	30	60	0.202	[0.171, 0.233]
70	10	15	0.246	[0.217, 0.275]
70	20	15	0.315	[0.272, 0.359]
70	30	15	0.485	[0.437, 0.533]
70	40	15	0.424	[0.379, 0.468]
70	30	30	0.351	[0.324, 0.378]
70	30	45	0.430	[0.393, 0.467]
70	30	60	0.342	[0.293, 0.392]
80	10	15	0.170	[0.139, 0.201]
80	20	15	0.353	[0.301, 0.405]
80	30	15	0.531	[0.477, 0.584]
80	40	15	0.422	[0.369, 0.474]
80	30	30	0.386	[0.345, 0.427]
80	30	45	0.345	[0.317, 0.373]
80	30	60	0.400	[0.359, 0.442]

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