原子力显微镜红外光谱和化学成像的技术与应用

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2024-0624

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

探讨了原子力显微镜红外光谱技术（AFM-IR）的核心机制、技术进展及其在多个学科中的广泛应用。AFM-IR技术融合了原子力显微镜（AFM）的纳米级空间分辨率与红外光谱（IR）的化学分析能力，基于光热诱导共振（photothermal induced resonance，PTIR）原理，其不仅延续了AFM在微观形貌表征上的优势，还克服了传统红外光谱在空间分辨率上的局限，并且补充了AFM在化学组分分析上的空白。文中阐述了AFM-IR的工作原理和三种成像技术（接触、轻敲和峰值力轻敲），随后着重讨论了其在聚合物复合材料、生物组织、环境污染物检测以及压电铁电材料和电池材料表征等领域的应用实例。同时，也提出了AFM-IR技术在提高信噪比和软物质研究中应用的挑战。最后，提出了未来研究方向，以期推动AFM-IR技术的进一步发展，进而促进其在材料的设计与性能优化中发挥更加关键的作用。

关键词: 原子力显微镜红外光谱, 纳米结构, 聚合物, 电池材料, 生物工程, 环境科学

Abstract:

In this review, the core mechanism, technical progress and wide application in many disciplines of atomic force microscope infrared spectroscopy (AFM-IR) were discussed. AFM-IR technology combined the nanoscale spatial resolution of atomic force microscope (AFM) with the chemical analysis capability of infrared spectroscopy (IR). Based on the principle of photothermal induced resonance (PTIR), AFM-IR technology not only continued the advantages of AFM in the characterization of micro-morphology, but also overcame the limitation of traditional infrared spectroscopy in spatial resolution. And AFM-IR technology complemented the blank of AFM in chemical component analysis. The principle of AFM-IR and three imaging techniques (contact, tapping and peakforce tapping) were described, and its application in polymer composites, biological tissues, environmental contaminant detection, and the characterization of piezoelectric ferroelectric materials and battery materials were discussed. At the same time, the challenges of AFM-IR technology in improving signal to noise ratio (SNR) and its application in soft matter research were also presented. Finally, the direction of future research was proposed in order to promote the further development of AFM-IR technology, and then play a more critical role in the design and performance optimization of materials.

Key words: atomic force microscope infrared spectroscopy (AFM-IR), nanostructure, polymer, battery material, bioengineering, environmental science

中图分类号:

TQ317.4

贺静, 郑娜, 徐丽, 沈素丹, 浦群, 房尔园, 介素云. 原子力显微镜红外光谱和化学成像的技术与应用[J]. 化工进展, 2025, 44(4): 2156-2171.

HE Jing, ZHENG Na, XU Li, SHEN Sudan, PU Qun, FANG Eryuan, JIE Suyun. Techniques and applications of atomic force microscope infrared spectroscopy and chemical imaging[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2025, 44(4): 2156-2171.

图/表 19

图1 纳米红外的测试原理[6]

图2 聚苯乙烯上AFM-IR和FTIR红外吸收光谱图的比较[8]

图3 PMMA的Contact-IR模式分析

图4 PMMA的Tapping-IR模式分析

图5 dPS∶PLA∶PC组成的三元混合物AFM-IR分析[18]

图6 高抗冲聚丙烯（HIPP）聚合物混合物的AFM-IR测量

图7 共混物PA6与POE的AFM形貌和不同位置的AFM-IR光谱图[26]

图8 共混物PA6与POE的红外分布和红外信号强度[26]

图9 静电纺丝纤维的AFM-IR测量

图10 PCL/PEG（50/50）共混物在30℃下等温结晶AFM-IR分析

图11 PHB/PEG（50/50）混合物在40°C下等温结晶AFM-IR分析[31]

图12 光稳定剂对ACPU涂料老化性能的影响[32]（红色表示强红外吸收，绿色表示弱红外吸收；图像尺寸为80μm×80μm）

图13 P(VDF-TrFE)（摩尔比80∶20）[(a)、(d)、(g)]、P(VDF-TrFE)（摩尔比45∶55）[(b)、(e)、(h)]及PTrF[(c)、(f)、(i)]的AFM形貌图、在1288cm⁻¹波数下红外分布图和标记位置的局部光谱[(a)~(f)的尺寸为1μm×1μm][33]

图14 动态相间沉积的Zn沉积物AFM图(a)，内插图为局部红外吸收光谱；排列的电沉积物AFM形貌和相应C̿ N键拉伸的红外吸收图（1637cm-1)[(b)、(c)][37]

图15 黑头发和白头发皮质层的AFM形貌图[45]

图16 皮质层AFM形貌图(a)；黑素体的红外光谱(b)；皮质层其他区域的红外光谱(c)[45]

图17 黑头发皮质层的AFM形貌图、1586cm-1和1640cm-1的化学成像图[45]

图18 未老化(a)和老化(b)微塑料的AFM形貌图（上）、1706cm-1波数的AFM-IR红外图像（中）、接触共振频率图像（下）；从形貌图和AFM-IR图像中整合的未老化（上）和老化（下）微塑料的三维图像(c)[47]

图19 未老化和老化微塑料的微区纳米级AFM-IR光谱图[47]

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