燃煤烟气水分回收和颗粒物同时脱除的实验和数值模拟

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2023-1655

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

我国水资源匮乏、环保要求日益增强，开展燃煤烟气水分回收与颗粒物协同脱除具有十分重要的意义。本文搭建了烟气水分回收实验系统并建立了数值模拟模型，研究了不同因素对收水率和传热系数的影响，发现影响收水率的主要因素为烟气速度和烟气温差，烟气速度3m/s、烟气温差13.2℃时，收水率为51.77%；影响传热系数的主要因素为烟气速度和烟气与换热管壁面的过冷度，烟气速度9.6m/s、冷却水温度35℃时，传热系数为274.84W/(m²·K)。搭建了颗粒物协同脱除实验系统，发现当过冷度从0℃增加到4℃时，颗粒物脱除效率从3.07%增大到29.28%；烟气速度从1.4m/s增大到6.4m/s时，颗粒物脱除效率从29.28%降低至7.40%。

关键词: 燃煤烟气, 水分回收, 数值模拟, 颗粒物脱除

Abstract:

Due to the scarcity of water resources and the increasing emphasis on environmental protection, it is of significance to carry out the investigation on the recovery of water from the coal-fired flue gas and the co-removal of particulate matter. In this study, an experimental system for flue gas moisture recovery was constructed, and then a numerical simulation model was developed. The influences of different factors on the water collection rate and heat transfer coefficient were investigated. It was found that the main factors affecting the water collection rate were the velocity of the flue gas and the temperature difference. When the flue gas velocity was 3m/s and the temperature difference was 13.2℃, the water collection rate was 51.77%. The main factors affecting the heat transfer coefficient were the velocity of the flue gas and the subcooling of the flue gas at the heat transfer tube wall. When the flue gas velocity was 9.6m/s and the cooling water temperature was 35℃, the heat transfer coefficient was 274.84W/(m²·K). Moreover, an experimental system for particulate matter removal was constructed. It was found that when the subcooling temperature increased from 0℃ to 4℃ subcooling, the efficiency of particulate matter removal increased from 3.07% to 29.28%. When the flue gas velocity increased from 1.4m/s to 6.4m/s, the efficiency of particulate matter removal decreased from 29.28% to 7.40%.

Key words: coal-fired flue gas, water recovery, numerical simulation, particulate matter removal

中图分类号:

TK11

吴盛源, 杨富鑫, 谭厚章, 杜君文, 李升. 燃煤烟气水分回收和颗粒物同时脱除的实验和数值模拟[J]. 化工进展, 2024, 43(10): 5932-5941.

WU Shengyuan, YANG Fuxin, TAN Houzhang, DU Junwen, LI Sheng. Experimental and numerical simulation of water recovery and particulate matter simultaneous removal from coal-fired flue gas[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2024, 43(10): 5932-5941.

图/表 27

图1 烟气水分回收实验系统示意图

图2 颗粒物脱除实验系统示意图

表1 烟气水分回收实验系统氟塑料换热器参数

参数	数值
尺寸	长1400mm、宽500mm、高120mm
材质	聚四氟乙烯
换热管排列方式	叉排
换热管外径/mm	8
换热管壁厚/mm	0.7
横向节距/mm	30
纵向节距/mm	9.5

图3 不同烟气速度对收水率影响（冷却水30℃）

图4 不同烟气速度对收水率影响（冷却水35℃）

图5 不同烟气速度对除雾器冷凝水量占比影响

图6 不同烟气速度对传热系数影响

图7 不同烟气温度对收水率影响

图8 不同烟气温度对传热系数影响

表2 不同烟气入口温度收水率和传热系数

烟气温度/℃	实验收水率/%	实验传热系数/W·m^-2·K^-1
48.2	25.66	209.2
55.4	30.62	217.3
58.7	30.28	209.4

图9 不同冷却水流量对收水率影响

图10 不同冷却水流量对传热系数影响

图11 不同冷却水温度对收水率影响

图12 不同冷却水温度对传热系数影响

图13 不同烟气入口速度的收水率模拟和实验对比

图14 不同烟气入口速度的传热系数模拟和实验对比

图15 不同冷却水温度的收水率模拟和实验对比

图16 不同冷却水温度的传热系数模拟和实验对比

表3 不同工况收水率和传热系数实验值和模拟值误差

冷却水温度/℃	实验值和模拟值误差/%
冷却水温度/℃	收水率	传热系数
15.65	11.49	29.17
19.50	7.83	24.74
23.60	6.60	20.31
27.45	4.76	17.23
31.30	4.88	11.88
36.25	0.81	2.37
41.25	19.27	15.63

图17 不同烟气入口温度的收水率模拟和实验对比

图18 不同烟气入口温度的传热系数模拟和实验对比

图19 不同烟气相对湿度时的水蒸气质量分数云图

图20 不同烟气相对湿度对收水率的影响

表4 换热器纵向节距对收水率的影响

管壁温度/℃	模拟收水率/%
管壁温度/℃	节距9.5mm	节距19mm
37	25.30	27.16
35	28.98	32.32
33	32.86	35.36
31	36.84	39.24

表5 管壁不同热导率对传热系数的影响

管壁热导率/W·m^-1·K^-1	收水率/%	传热系数/W·m^-2·K^-1
0.26	28.98	203.36
0.34	32.79	251.93
0.42	35.60	260.07
0.50	37.69	282.09

图21 不同过冷度对颗粒脱除效率影响

图22 不同烟气速度对颗粒脱除效率影响

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