分户式低谷电蓄热供暖系统的蓄放热特性

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2023-0335

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

提出基于相变材料（PCM）的分户式低谷电蓄热供暖系统，通过数值模拟及实验研究对其蓄放热特性和供暖性能做出全面评价。采用Fluent对相变蓄热供暖系统的蓄放热过程进行了数值模拟，分析了不同入口风速、不同入口风温和不同种类蓄热材料等因素对蓄热供暖系统放热性能的影响，通过实验研究验证了模拟工况的正确性。结果表明，入口风速对系统放热性能的影响较大，随着入口风速的提高，系统平均出风温度降低，瞬时供暖负荷增大；入口风温对系统放热性能的影响微弱；复合相变材料（CPCM）由于具有更高的热导率，比纯十二水硫酸铝铵更加适合作为相变蓄热供暖系统的蓄热介质。本文设计和研究的分户式低谷电相变蓄热供暖系统具有良好的蓄放热能力，可为相变蓄热在低谷电利用场景作出有益参考。

关键词: 相变蓄热材料, 分户式, 供暖系统, 低谷电利用, 数值模拟

Abstract:

A household off-peak electricity thermal storage heating system (HOETSHS) based on phase change material (PCM) was proposed. Its heat storage/release characteristics and heating performance were comprehensively explored through numerical simulation and experiments. Fluent was used to numerical simulation of the heat release process of HOETSHS. The effect of inlet air velocity, inlet temperature and thermal storage materials on the heat release performance of the thermal storage heating system were studied. The correctness of the simulated working condition was verified by experimental research. The results suggested that the inlet air velocity had a significant effect on the heat release performance of the system. As the inlet air velocity increased, the average outlet temperature of the system decreased, and the immediate heating load increased. However, the effect of the inlet temperature on the heat release performance of the system was relatively weak. Composite phase change material (CPCM) was more suitable as heat storage medium for the phase change thermal storage heating system than pure ammonium aluminum sulfate dodecahydrate due to its higher thermal conductivity. The HOETSHS had good heat storage and release capacity, which can make a useful reference for the utilization of latent heat storage in off-peak power.

Key words: phase change heat storage material, household type, heating system, off-peak electricity utilization, numerical simulation

中图分类号:

TK02

尹少武, 李纤纤, 韩嘉维, 路明, 童莉葛, 王立. 分户式低谷电蓄热供暖系统的蓄放热特性[J]. 化工进展, 2024, 43(3): 1206-1213.

YIN Shaowu, LI Xianxian, HAN Jiawei, LU Ming, TONG Lige, WANG Li. Heat charge and release characteristics of household off-peak electricity thermal storage heating system[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2024, 43(3): 1206-1213.

图/表 15

图1 分户式低谷电蓄热供暖系统三维示意图

表1 纯十二水硫酸铝铵的热物理性质

名称

相变点

/℃

相变潜热

/kJ·kg^-1

比热容

/kJ·kg^-1·K^-1

热导率

/W·m^-1·K^-1

密度

/kg·m^-3

图2 实验测试系统原理及温度测点布置示意图

图3 蓄热装置数值模拟物理模型

图4 不同网格数量对计算结果的影响

图5 蓄热过程中蓄热体平均温度和液相率随加热时间变化模拟（ρ=4700W/m2）

图6 电热板温度为150℃下蓄热过程中蓄热系统平均温度实验值和模拟值对比

图7 蓄热体平均温度实验值和模拟值对比图（Tin=10℃，V=8m/s）

图8 蓄热体在不同入口风速下出风口平均温度模拟结果

图9 放热过程中蓄热体各出口温度趋势图（V=6m/s）

图10 放热过程中蓄热体出口平均温度实验值和模拟值对比（V=6m/s）

图11 不同入口风温下出风口平均温度（V=8m/s）

图12 不同入口风速（Tin=10℃）和不同入口风温（V=8m/s）下蓄热体的瞬时供暖负荷变化

表2 不同蓄热材料的热物理性能

材料名称

相变点

/℃

相变潜热

/kJ·kg^-1

比热容

/kJ·kg^-1·K^-1

密度

/kg·m^-3

热导率

/W·m^-1·K^-1

图13 不同种类蓄热材料放热过程中出风温度及瞬时供暖负荷变化

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