油水环状流截面相含率超声衰减法测量

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2023-1382

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为研究超声衰减法测量油水环状流截面相含率问题，采用COMSOL仿真软件建立油水环状流模型，选择超声传感器结构尺寸6mm和超声发射频率1MHz进行研究，通过分析油水环状流超声衰减特性，确定油水环状流的超声衰减系数与截面含油率关系，并获得线性关系的测量范围。在此基础上进一步研究非理想环状流相关参数对超声衰减特性的影响，并提出将非理想环状流差别阈限用于定量评价非理想环状流因素对于理想环状流超声衰减法的影响，获得非理想环状流差别阈限±10%以内同心度和椭圆度的变化范围。最后开展了油水环状流静态验证实验。研究结果表明：油水环状流截面相含率在5%~30%范围内，与超声衰减系数呈线性关系，同时在此范围内，非理想环状流差别阈限在±10%以内的同心度和椭圆度变化范围分别为0.75~1和0~5%，实验结果和仿真模拟结果具有近似的上升趋势。

关键词: 两相流, 油水环状流, 超声衰减法, 数值模拟, 相含率

Abstract:

To investigate the measurement of phase holdup of oil-water annular flow by ultrasonic attenuation method, a model of oil-water annular flow was created using COMSOL simulation software. The ultrasonic sensor structure was in size of 6mm, and the ultrasonic emission frequency was 1MHz. The relationship between ultrasonic attenuation coefficient and oil content of oil-water annular flow was determined through analyzing the ultrasonic attenuation characteristics of oil-water annular flow, establishing the measuring range of linear relationship. Based on this, the correlation factors of non-ideal annular flow and their influence on ultrasonic attenuation characteristics were investigated further. The differential threshold of non-ideal annular flow was presented to quantify the effects of non-ideal annular flow parameters on the ideal annular flow ultrasonic attenuation method. The range for the differential threshold of 10% was proposed for the degree of concentric and ellipticity of the non-ideal annular flow. Finally, the static verification experiment of oil-water annular flow was carried out. The results showed that the phase holdup of oil-water annular flow was in the range of 5%—30%, which was linearly connected to the ultrasonic attenuation coefficient. The differential threshold of non-ideal annular flowed varies from 0.75—1 and from 0—5% in the range of ±10%, respectively. The trends in the experimental and simulation results were similar, attesting to the reliability of the simulation model.

Key words: two-phase flow, oil-water annular flow, ultrasonic attenuation method, numerical simulation, phase holdup

中图分类号:

O359

哈雯, 杨杨, 唐雨, 曹頔, 张超, 杨斌. 油水环状流截面相含率超声衰减法测量[J]. 化工进展, 2024, 43(2): 768-780.

HA Wen, YANG Yang, TANG Yu, CAO Di, ZHANG Chao, YANG Bin. Ultrasonic attenuation method for measuring phase holdup in oil-water annular flow[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2024, 43(2): 768-780.

图/表 27

图1 油核同心度分析示意图（单位：mm）

图2 油核椭圆度分析示意图（单位：mm）

图3 油水环状流模型示意图

表1 油水环状流仿真参数表

介质

声速c

/m·s^-1

温度T

图4 网格无关性验证

图5 不同传感器尺寸的声压分布与灵敏度场分布

图6 传感器尺寸与超声衰减系数的对应关系

图8 不同超声发射频率的声压分布与灵敏度场分布

图9 超声发射频率与超声衰减系数的对应关系

图7 传感器尺寸与Savg、SVP关系图

图10 超声发射频率与Savg、SVP关系图

图11 油水环状流的声压分布

图12 油水环状流的声束分布

图13 油水环状流分布超声衰减特性

图14 含油率10%中θ=45°方向同心度声压分布

图15 含油率30%中同心度为0.5的声压分布

图16 不同同心度的差别阈限

图17 不同θ的差别阈限

图18 差别阈限在±10%以内的同心度最小值

图19 OOR=20%时不同含油率声压分布（a/b<1）

图20 OOR=20%时不同含油率声压分布（a/b>1）

图21 截面含油率5%~30%中不同椭圆度的差别阈限

图22 油水环状流测量实验装置

图23 油水环状流实验与模拟结果图

图24 不同同心度的差别阈限实验结果

图25 不同θ的差别阈限实验结果

图26 差别阈限在±10%以内的同心度最小值

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