射流与气固两相流混合过程的测试与分析方法

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2023-1367

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

湍流射流是气固快速反应过程中气相原料与固体颗粒的理想混合形式，采取有效的测试技术与分析方法获得射流与气固两相流的混合行为对研究反应过程具有重要意义。本文采用光纤探针技术获得了颗粒浓度动态数据，以提升管内颗粒聚团的传统分析方法为基础，结合小波分析，提出了射流与气固两相流混合过程中颗粒聚团的确定方法，并将射流影响区内气固间的瞬时接触状态分为颗粒聚团相、散式颗粒相以及未与颗粒充分混合的射流相。结合附壁射流理论，利用气体示踪技术获得的射流特征浓度分布结果，对理想条件下的射流中心线方程进行了修正，所得结果可预测气固两相流中射流的发展趋势。利用臭氧分解示踪技术，获得了原料射流与气固两相流混合过程中的局部反应结果，将其与气固动态混合特征及射流轨迹模型相结合，可分析流动参数对反应的影响。

关键词: 射流, 两相流, 气固混合, 聚团, 流线模型

Abstract:

In many gas-solid rapid reaction processes, a turbulent jet is an ideal form for the mixing between gas-phase raw materials and solid particles. It is meaningful for understanding reaction processes by using effective measuring techniques and analysis methods to obtain the mixing behavior of jet and gas-solid two-phase flow. The dynamic data of particle concentration is obtained using fiber optic probe technology. On this basis, based on the traditional analysis method of particle clusters in the riser and combined with wavelet analysis, the procedure for identifying clusters in the mixing zone of jet and gas-solid two-phase flow was proposed. Furthermore, the instantaneous contact state between gas and solid in the jet influence zone was divided into three phases, i.e., the cluster phase, the dispersed particle phase, and the jet phase that was not thoroughly mixed with particles. By combining the theory of jet attachment and the gas tracing method, the centerline equation of the jet under ideal conditions was modified. The results obtained can be predict the development trend of jets in the gas-solid two-phase flow. By using ozone decomposition tracing technology, the local reaction results during the mixing process of feed jet and gas-solid two-phase flow were obtained. By combining this result with gas-solid dynamic mixing characteristics and jet trajectory model, the influence of flow parameters on the reaction can be analyzed.

Key words: jet, gas-solid two-phase flow, gas-solid mixing, cluster, streamline model

中图分类号:

TQ016

闫子涵, 王栋栋, 阴慧敏, 刘文瑞, 卢春喜. 射流与气固两相流混合过程的测试与分析方法[J]. 化工进展, 2024, 43(2): 713-721.

YAN Zihan, WANG Dongdong, YIN Huimin, LIU Wenrui, LU Chunxi. Measuring and analysis methods for the mixing process of jet and gas-solid two-phase flow[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2024, 43(2): 713-721.

图/表 12

图1 冷模实验装置示意图1—罗茨鼓风机；2—缓冲罐；3—气体分配器；4—转子流量计；5—预提升段；6—进气喷嘴；7—提升管；8—超短快分；9，10—旋风分离器；11，14—计量罐；12，15—蝶阀；13，17—料腿；16—储料伴床；18—循环斜管

表1 催化裂化（FCC）催化剂物性参数

参数	值
平均粒径/μm	65
粒径范围/μm	30~90
颗粒密度/kg·m^-3	1200
堆积密度/kg·m^-3	929

图2 反应速率常数测定装置示意图

表2 近似信号和细节信号的频率范围

J	A_J(t)/Hz	D_J(t)/Hz
1	0~12500	12500~25000
2	0~6250	6250~12500
3	0~3125	3125~6250
4	0~1562.5	1562.5~3125
5	0~781.3	781.3~1562.5
6	0~390.6	390.6~781.3

图3 颗粒浓度时间序列的原始信号和近似信号

图4 斜向上射流影响区内各接触状态的时间分率

图5 斜向下射流影响区内各接触状态的时间分率

图6 射流特征浓度沿径向的分布

表3 射流中心位置实测值与理论计算值对应关系

操作条件	（H-H₀) /m	射流与提升管轴向夹角α/(°)	实测位置x_D/m	理论值x/m	K_D
预提升气速2.4m/s，喷嘴出口气速78.5m/s	0.375	30	0.060	0.210	3.50
	-0.185	135	0.063	0.208	3.31
	-0.185	150	0.033	0.111	3.36
预提升气速3.5m/s，喷嘴出口气速64.2m/s	0.375	30	0.051	0.170	3.33
	-0.185	135	0.067	0.207	3.09
	-0.185	150	0.039	0.129	3.32

图7 不同射流角度时射流中心发展趋势的预测结果

图8 斜向上射流提升管内的臭氧特征浓度分布

图9 斜向下射流提升管内的臭氧特征浓度分布

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