基于Kelvin-Helmholtz不稳定性和界面剪切作用的扰动波高预测模型

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2023-1071

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

环雾状流广泛存在于天然气等工业环境中，深入探究扰动波特性对了解环雾状流的演化规律有着重要意义。本文在内径为15mm的垂直管路中进行了不同工况条件下的环雾状流实验，分别利用电导环传感器和液膜收集系统测量了液膜厚度和夹带率，并通过双阈值方法从液膜时序信号中提取了扰动波高数据。探究了扰动波高和夹带率随气、液相流量和工况压力的变化规律，发现两者均随着液相流量的增大而增大，而随着气相流量和工况压力的增大，扰动波高呈下降趋势，夹带率呈上升趋势，验证了两者之间存在密切关联。然后分析了影响扰动波高的尺度参数，建立了基于Kelvin-Helmholtz不稳定性和界面剪切作用的扰动波高预测模型，相对均方根误差rRMSE为4.05%，且98.7%的数据点都在±10.0%的误差以内，预测效果良好。最后，将新模型与现有的扰动波高关系式进行比较，预测精度和可扩展性都有了较大提高。

关键词: 气液两相流, 液膜, Kelvin-Helmholtz不稳定性, 界面剪切作用, 扰动波高

Abstract:

Annular mist flow widely exists in natural gas and other industrial environments, in-depth exploration of the characteristics of disturbance waves is of significant importance for understanding the evolutionary patterns of annular mist flow. Experiments on gas-liquid two-phase flows were conducted in a vertical pipeline with an inner diameter of 15mm at different operating conditions. The liquid film thickness and droplet entrainment ratio were measured using a conductive ring sensor and a liquid film collection system respectively. The disturbance wave height data were extracted from the temporal signals of conductive ring sensor by using a dual-threshold method. The disturbance wave height and entrainment ratio with changes in gas-liquid flow rates and working pressure were investigated. It was found that both of them increased with increasing liquid flow rate, while they decreased with increasing gas phase flow rate and working pressure, indicating a close correlation between them. Then the scale parameters affecting the disturbance wave height were analyzed, and a disturbance wave height prediction model based on Kelvin-Helmholtz instability and interfacial shear was established. The model exhibited a relative root mean square error (rRMSE) of 4.05%, with 98.7% of data points falling within a ±10% error range, demonstrating good fitting performance. Finally, a comparison was made between the proposed model and existing disturbance wave height correlations, both prediction accuracy and scalability have been greatly improved.

Key words: gas-liquid flow, liquid film, Kelvin-Helmholtz instability, interfacial shear, disturbance wave height

中图分类号:

TP212.9

孙宏军, 李腾, 李金霞, 丁红兵. 基于Kelvin-Helmholtz不稳定性和界面剪切作用的扰动波高预测模型[J]. 化工进展, 2024, 43(2): 609-618.

SUN Hongjun, LI Teng, LI Jinxia, DING Hongbing. Disturbance wave height prediction model based on Kelvin-Helmholtz instability and interfacial shear[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2024, 43(2): 609-618.

图/表 15

图1 液膜参数测量系统

图2 电导环传感器标定结果

图3 环雾状流液膜测量实验装置

表1 实验装置主要参数（竖直下降管）

参数	范围	测量精度
工况压力/kPa	100~700	0.1%
工况温度/℃	0~80	0.2℃
计量泵/kg·h^-1	1.7~17	2.0%
涡街流量计/m³·h^-1	9~25	1.0%
浮子流量计/m³·h^-1	0.04~0.4	2.5%
电子秤/kg	0~30	2.0%

表2 实验工况范围

流动参数	符号	范围
工况压力/kPa	p	150~350
气体体积流量/m³·h^-1	Q_g	12~24
气体密度/kg·m^-3	ρ_g	1.79~4.24
液体体积流量/mL·s^-1	Q_l	0.5~4.5
温度/℃	T	17.3~20.4
气体表观流速/m·s^-1	v_sg	18.86~37.73
液体表观流速/m·s^-1	v_sl	0.0028~0.028

图4 不同液相流量下的液膜信号对比（p=250kPa，Qg=18m3/h）

图5 扰动波高参数提取

图6 标注扰动波峰的液膜波动（p=250kPa，Qg=24m3/h，Ql=1.07mL/s）

图7 扰动波频率与估计频率结果对比

图8 不同气相流量下扰动波高、夹带率的变化情况

图9 不同工况压力下扰动波高、夹带率的变化情况

图10 不同工况下特征参数比的变化情况

图11 扰动波高预测模型

表3 数据库的实验条件总结

文献	D/mm	v_sg/m·s^-1	v_sl/m·s^-1	σ/mN·m^-1	E/%
本文实验	15	18.86~37.73	0.0028~0.028	72.0	4.8~20.3
Han等^[6]	5	15.9~41.6	0.1~0.16	72.0	3.3~7.0
Zhang等^[8]	9.525	5.4~69.1	0.1，0.4，0.8	30.7~72.0	18.8~45.0

图12 不同扰动波高公式预测结果对比

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