一种混沌C型几何流动混合耦合电磁热特性数值分析

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2023-1196

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为克服传统管式反应器混合效率差和传统加热方式传热速率低而导致的反应器性能限制，本文提出了一种基于混沌对流强化的管式微波反应器，即采用混沌C型几何管道，通过COMSOL软件对流体混合过程和微波加热过程分别进行多物理仿真模拟，探究低雷诺数（Re）下流体混合特性和电磁热特性。分析得出：当Re≥15时，混沌C型管道内出现明显混沌流动，通过增加雷诺数可以提高涡流强度，以促进均匀混合；混沌C型几何周期数的增加会产生更多的扰动数，不断改变流体运动方向，从而提高传热性能；混沌管道内电场分布较平面管道更复杂，微波能量利用率更高；依据雷诺数和功率分析混合和电磁热特性二者耦合的相关性，初步揭示了二者耦合机理。

关键词: 微波反应器, 混沌, 传质, 传热, 多物理场仿真

Abstract:

In order to overcome the reactor performance limitations caused by the poor mixing efficiency of traditional tubular reactors and the low heat transfer rate of traditional heating methods, a tubular microwave reactor using the chaotic C-type geometric pipe was proposed. The mixing and electromagnetic thermal characteristics of fluid at low Reynolds number (Re) were simulated by COMSOL software, respectively. The results were as follows: When Re≥15, chaotic flow appeared obviously in chaotic C-type pipe, and eddy current intensity could be increased by increasing Reynolds number to promote uniform mixing; The increase of chaotic C-type period number would produce more disturbance number and constantly change the direction of fluid movement, thus improving the heat transfer performance; The electric field distribution in chaotic pipe was more complex than that in planar pipe, and the microwave energy utilization rate was higher; Based on Reynolds number and power analysis of the correlation between mixing and electromagnetic thermal characteristics, the coupling mechanism of the two was initially revealed.

Key words: microwave reactor, chaos, mass transfer, heat transfer, multi-physical field simulation

中图分类号:

TE667

郑庆雨, 金光远, 冯文凯, 朱正山, 周逸凡, 滕厚场, 李臻峰, 宋春芳, 宋飞虎, 李静. 一种混沌C型几何流动混合耦合电磁热特性数值分析[J]. 化工进展, 2024, 43(8): 4262-4272.

ZHENG Qingyu, JIN Guangyuan, FENG Wenkai, ZHU Zhengshan, ZHOU Yifan, TENG Houchang, LI Zhenfeng, SONG Chunfang, SONG Feihu, LI Jing. Numerical analysis of mixed characteristics of chaotic C-type geometric flows coupling electromagnetic thermal characteristics[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2024, 43(8): 4262-4272.

图/表 18

图1 管式微波反应器结构

表1 流体的主要物性参数

参数	乙醇	水	参考
密度/kg·m^-3	475.01+4.71×T-0.02×T²+1.84×10^-5T³	1.034×10^-5T³-0.013T²+4.97T+432.26	COMSOL
动力黏度/Pa·s	0.07-6.17×10^-4T+1.74×10-6×T²-1.66×10^-9T³	0.07119-0.004673T+1.640×10^-6T²-1.5369×10^-9T³	COMSOL
分子扩散系数/m²·s^-1	1.2×10^-9	1.2×10^-9	COMSOL
相对介电常数		155.7898-0.2622T-(1230.0583-10.6285T+0.03089T²-0.00003T³)×j	[24]
热导率/W·(m·K)^-1		0.5711+0.001763T-6.7306×10^-6T²	[24]
恒压热容/J·(kg·K)^-1		12010.15-80.41T+0.31T²-5.38×10^-4T³+3.63×10^-7T⁴	[24]
比热率		1	[24]
电导率/S·m^-1		0.3894-3.8667×10^-3T+1.2648×10^-5T²-1.3438T³	[24]

图2 网格无关性分析

图3 实验验证

图4 管道中截面位置

图5 不同雷诺数下混沌C型几何（C-3D）中乙醇浓度的变化（截面图）

图6 不同雷诺数下混沌C型几何中乙醇浓度的变化（中心线图）

图7 基于曲线坐标的混合指数M.I变化

图8 混沌C型几何和平直管的泊肃叶数和压降随雷诺数的变化

图9 混沌C型几何管道中的流线轨迹

图10 不同雷诺数下混沌C型几何管道中的二次流和涡流分布（截面图）

图11 微波条件下混沌C型几何管道中的二次流和速度分布（截面图）

图12 微波条件下混沌C型几何管道中流体的温度分布（截面图）

图13 微波条件下混沌C型几何管道中管壁的温度分布

图14 微波条件下具有不同几何管道的反应器内电场分布对比

图15 不同雷诺数下混沌C型几何管道出口截面的平均浓度随时间变化

图16 微波条件下混沌C型几何管道内流体温度随时间变化

图17 微波条件下时流体温升效率η随时间变化（Re=75）

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