低冷量下强化CO2吸收的甲醇基纳米流体性能

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2023-1851

化工进展 ›› 2024, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (5): 2811-2822.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2023-1851

• 二氧化碳捕集与资源化利用 • 上一篇

低冷量下强化CO₂吸收的甲醇基纳米流体性能

武西宁(), 张宁, 秦佳敏, 徐龙(), 魏朝阳(), 马晓迅

西北大学化工学院，碳氢资源清洁利用国际科技合作基地，陕北能源先进化工利用技术教育部工程研究中心，陕西省洁净煤转化工程技术研究中心，陕北能源化工产业发展协同创新中心，陕西西安 710127

收稿日期:2023-10-20 修回日期:2023-12-14 出版日期:2024-05-15 发布日期:2024-06-15
通讯作者: 徐龙,魏朝阳
作者简介:武西宁（2001—），女，硕士研究生，研究方向为二氧化碳捕集。E-mail：wuxining@stumail.nwu.edu.cn。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(52106271);西安市科技计划(22GXFW0132);陕西省创新能力支撑计划(2024RS-CXTD-53);陕西省重点研发计划(2024GX-YBXM-428);西北大学研究生创新项目(CX2023154)

Performance of methanol-based nanofluids with enhanced CO₂ absorption under low cooling demand

WU Xining(), ZHANG Ning, QIN Jiamin, XU Long(), WEI Chaoyang(), MA Xiaoxun

International Science & Technology Cooperation Base of MOST for Clean Utilization of Hydrocarbon Resources, Chemical Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Use Technology of Shanbei Energy, Shaanxi Research Center of Engineering Technology for Clean Coal Conversion, Collaborative Innovation Center for Development of Energy and Chemical Industry in Northern Shaanxi, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, Shaanxi, China

Received:2023-10-20 Revised:2023-12-14 Online:2024-05-15 Published:2024-06-15
Contact: XU Long, WEI Chaoyang

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

冷甲醇洗法捕集CO₂技术要求低温环境，需要大量的冷冻能量，能耗较大。在吸收剂中引入纳米颗粒，可以有效提高气液传质速率，降低能耗。本研究旨在开发冷量需求少，吸收、解吸性能提升的甲醇基纳米流体。实验分别考察了纳米颗粒种类、固含量、尺寸，表面活性剂含量、操作温度和初始CO₂浓度等因素对吸收剂捕集CO₂性能的影响及机理。结果表明，在0.2~1.0g/L的TiO₂、Al₂O₃、SiO₂纳米流体中，0.4g/L的TiO₂-甲醇纳米流体的CO₂吸收、解吸增强效果最佳。向其中添加0.10%（质量分数）聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚（Triton X-100）后，纳米流体的吸收、解吸增强效果达到最大，且在5次循环后仍呈现良好增强效果。此外，本文对纳米流体增强吸收的机理进行了深入分析，提出了一个经验公式来预测TiO₂-甲醇纳米流体的增强因子E和最佳固含量。

关键词: 二氧化碳捕集, 鼓泡反应器, 模型, 纳米流体, 低冷量供给, 传质增强

Abstract:

The rectisol process for capturing CO₂ requires low-temperature environment, a significant amount of freezing energy, and considerable energy consumption. Introducing nanoparticles into absorbents can effectively enhance the gas-liquid mass transfer rate and reduce energy consumption. This study aimed to develop methanol-based nanofluids with reduced cooling demand and improved absorption and desorption performance. The effects of factors such as the type of nanoparticles, solid loading, particle size, surfactant content, temperature, and initial CO₂ concentration on CO₂ capture performance were investigated, and the impact mechanisms were studied. The results indicated that the CO₂ absorption and desorption enhancement effect of TiO₂-methanol nanofluid with a concentration of 0.4g/L was the best among TiO₂, Al₂O₃ and SiO₂ nanofluids with concentrations ranging from 0.2—1.0g/L. After adding 0.10% polyethylene glycol octylphenyl ether (Triton X-100), the absorption and desorption enhancement effect of the nanofluid were the highest, and it still showed a noteworthy enhancement effect after 5 cycles. Furthermore, this article provided an in-depth analysis of the mechanism of enhanced absorption of nanofluids and proposed an empirical formula to predict the enhancement factor E and optimal solid loading of TiO₂-methanol nanofluids.

Key words: carbon dioxide capture, bubble reactor, model, nanofluids, low cooling demand, enhanced mass transfer

中图分类号:

TQ028

武西宁, 张宁, 秦佳敏, 徐龙, 魏朝阳, 马晓迅. 低冷量下强化CO₂吸收的甲醇基纳米流体性能[J]. 化工进展, 2024, 43(5): 2811-2822.

WU Xining, ZHANG Ning, QIN Jiamin, XU Long, WEI Chaoyang, MA Xiaoxun. Performance of methanol-based nanofluids with enhanced CO₂ absorption under low cooling demand[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2024, 43(5): 2811-2822.

图/表 16

图1 实验过程1—N2；2—CO2；3—质量流量控制器；4—鼓泡吸收器；5—低温冷却液循环泵；6—干燥管；7—红外烟气分析仪；8—显示器；9—冷凝管；10—三口烧瓶；11—集热式恒温加热磁力搅拌器

图2 经验方程拟合曲线

表1 方程拟合结果

纳米流体	a	b	c	d	e	R²
40nm TiO₂-甲醇	2.768	2.374	143.359	-0.051	0.014	0.993

图3 不同纳米颗粒的粒径分布

图4 重力沉降可视化结果

表2 纳米流体浊度

静置时间/h	浊度/NTU
静置时间/h	TiO₂	Al₂O₃	SiO₂
0	653.6	531.3	18.4
3	645.2	520.8	17.9
12	619.5	476.1	16.7
24	589.4	453.5	16.1

图5 不同表面活性剂对纳米流体相对浓度的影响

图6 TiO2、Al2O3、SiO2纳米颗粒不同粒径、固含量对CO2吸收的增强效果

图7 纳米颗粒种类对吸收增强效果的影响

图8 温度对纯甲醇溶液和纳米流体A吸收效果的影响

图9 初始CO2体积分数对CO2吸收的增强效果

图10 表面活性剂含量对CO2吸收的影响

图11 水动力效应示意图[30]

图12 纳米颗粒种类、粒径、固含量及操作温度对CO2解吸的增强作用

图13 表面活性剂含量对Ede的影响

图14 循环过程中Triton X-100活性剂对纳米流体Ede的影响

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低冷量下强化CO₂吸收的甲醇基纳米流体性能

Performance of methanol-based nanofluids with enhanced CO₂ absorption under low cooling demand

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