化工进展 ›› 2022, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (1): 391-399.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-0207

• 资源与环境化工 • 上一篇    下一篇

Feammox: 一种新型自养生物脱氮技术

张莉红1,2,3(), 李杰1,3, 王亚娥1(), 谢慧娜1, 赵炜1, 李婧1   

  1. 1.兰州交通大学环境与市政工程学院,甘肃 兰州 730070
    2.甘肃省膜科学技术研究院有限公司,甘肃 兰州 730020
    3.甘肃省非常规水资源化利用技术重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730020
  • 收稿日期:2021-01-28 修回日期:2021-05-20 出版日期:2022-01-05 发布日期:2022-01-24
  • 通讯作者: 王亚娥
  • 作者简介:张莉红(1988—),女,博士研究生,研究方向为污水处理。E-mail:zhrzlh@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(51768032)

Feammox: a novel autotrophic nitrogen removal technology

ZHANG Lihong1,2,3(), LI Jie1,3, WANG Ya’e1(), XIE Huina1, ZHAO Wei1, LI Jing1   

  1. 1.School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
    2.Gansu Membrane Science and Technology Research Institute Co. , Ltd. , Lanzhou 730020, Gansu, China
    3.Key Laboratory for Resources Utilization Technology of Unconventional Water of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730020, Gansu, China
  • Received:2021-01-28 Revised:2021-05-20 Online:2022-01-05 Published:2022-01-24
  • Contact: WANG Ya’e

摘要:

厌氧氨氧化耦合Fe(Ⅲ)还原,即铁氨氧化(Feammox)技术,是近年来新发现的一种以廉价、易得的铁作为微生物电子供体的新型自养生物脱氮技术。该技术具有无需有机碳源、成本低、污泥产量低、不产生温室气体等显著优点,是自然系统和污水处理系统等领域潜在的脱氮途径。本文聚焦于Feammox的产生和发展,详细介绍了该技术的作用机制及其参与反应的主要微生物特征,认为Feammox过程中起主要作用的微生物是一类能驱动氨氧化的铁还原菌;简要分析了pH、温度、溶解氧、有机物及铁源等影响因素;探讨了与FeNiR、Anammox和反硝化等氮损失途径的关系。最后,提出了Feammox仍面临的挑战,展望了未来发展趋势,指出菌的快速富集和分离纯化、控制参数以及与其他脱氮途径之间的相互作用是Feammox未来的研究方向。

关键词: 厌氧, 生物过程, 脱氮, 铁氨氧化, 铁还原, 影响因素

Abstract:

Anaerobic ammonium oxidation coupled to iron reduction, termed as Feammox, is a novel autotrophic nitrogen removal technology with cheap and available iron as the electron donor. The technology is a potential denitrification approach in fields such as natural systems and sewage treatment systems due to its significant advantages such as no need for organic carbon sources, low cost, low sludge output, and no greenhouse gas emission. The production and development of Feammox are focused, and the reaction mechanism and the microorganisms are introduced in detail. The microorganisms playing a major role in the Feammox process are a type of iron-reducing bacteria that can drive ammonia oxidation; the influencing factors such as pH, temperature, DO, organic matter, iron content are analyzed. The relationship between nitrogen loss pathways such as FeNiR, Anammox and denitrification are discussed. Finally, the challenges that Feammox still faces and future development trends are pointed out. The future research direction of Feammox shall be rapid enrichment and separation and purification of bacteria, control parameters, and interaction with other denitrification pathways.

Key words: anaerobic, bioprocess, nitrogen removal, Feammox, iron reduction, influencing factor

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