化工进展 ›› 2023, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (5): 2678-2690.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-1369

• 资源与环境化工 • 上一篇    下一篇

厌氧氨氧化-生物电化学耦合废水处理系统的研究进展

李华华(), 李逸航, 金北辰, 李隆昕, 成少安()   

  1. 浙江大学能源清洁利用国家重点实验室,浙江 杭州 310027
  • 收稿日期:2022-07-21 修回日期:2022-09-03 出版日期:2023-05-10 发布日期:2023-06-02
  • 通讯作者: 成少安
  • 作者简介:李华华(1998—),女,硕士研究生,研究方向为厌氧氨氧化。E-mail:22027060@zju.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(52070162)

Research progress of Anammox bio-electrochemical coupling wastewater treatment system

LI Huahua(), LI Yihang, JIN Beichen, LI Longxin, CHENG Shao’an()   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China
  • Received:2022-07-21 Revised:2022-09-03 Online:2023-05-10 Published:2023-06-02
  • Contact: CHENG Shao’an

摘要:

厌氧氨氧化-生物电化学耦合废水处理系统(Anammox-BES)是一种极具发展潜力的污水脱氮技术,兼有无机氮污染物和有机污染物的去除与能量回收的优势,近年来已成为研究的热点。本文总结了现有Anammox-BES的主要类型和反应机理;综述了影响Anammox-BES的主要因素,包括电极材料、电极电位、温度、pH、溶解氧、有机物和接种物等;总结了Anammox-BES的研究现状,并在脱氮性能以及能量消耗等方面与传统Anammox工艺进行了比较。大量研究结果显示,绝大部分Anammox-BES的脱氮过程为厌氧氨氧化、硝化、反硝化以及微生物产电等多种过程的耦合,系统整体脱氮效率高。然而,由于影响Anammox-BES系统性能的因素众多,并且能量回收率低,在实际废水处理方面尚未得到广泛应用。因此,在今后的研究中,需要继续开发增强厌氧氨氧化菌产电能力的技术手段,以实现废水脱氮的同时回收蕴藏于铵盐中的化学能;对于现有Anammox-BES,仍需开发具有高导电性、生物相容性以及比表面积的阳极材料,并进一步优化操作条件,以提高系统脱氮、产电性能以及稳定性。

关键词: 废水处理, 厌氧氨氧化, 生物催化, 电化学, 资源回收

Abstract:

In recent years, the Anammox bio-electrochemical coupling wastewater treatment system (Anammox-BES), a promising wastewater denitrification technology, combines the benefits of pollutant removal with energy recovery. This article summarized the main types and reaction mechanisms of the Anammox-BES. The main factors affecting Anammox-BES were reviewed, including electrode materials, electrode potential, temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, organic matter and inoculum. Finally, the research status of Anammox-BES was outlined, and its denitrification performance and energy consumption were compared to those of the conventional Anammox process. Numerous studies indicated that the denitrification processes in Anammox-BES involved the anammox, nitrification, denitrification, and microbial power generation. However, the Anammox-BES has not been widely applied in actual wastewater treatment due to the multiple influencing factors and poor energy recovery rate. Therefore, it is important to develop technical measures to increase the power-generating capacity of anammox bacteria to achieve denitrification of wastewater and recover the chemical energy contained in ammonium. For the present Anammox-BES, it is essential to develop anode materials with high conductivity, biocompatibility and specific surface area, and further optimize the operating conditions to improve the denitrification and electricity generation performance and stability of the system.

Key words: wastewater treatment, Anammox, biocatalysis, electrochemistry, resource recovery

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