被动NOx吸附剂在柴油车冷启动排放控制中的研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-0295

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

机动车尾气是氮氧化物（NO_x）重要来源之一，常见柴油车尾气NO_x处理技术对冷启动阶段NO_x减排效果较差，被动NO_x吸附剂（PNA）应运而生。PNA可低温吸附存储NO_x、高温脱附释放NO_x，释放的NO_x经过下游NO_x处理单元[选择性催化还原（SCR）或NO_x储存还原（NSR）]被彻底净化。本文综述了近年来PNA材料在低温冷启动过程中净化NO_x的研究进展，对不同类型PNA材料进行结构及性能比对，其中Pd/分子筛表现出良好的低温NO_x吸附-脱附性能、抗硫性以及水热稳定性，成为PNA优选。深入讨论了Pd/分子筛存储NO_x机制以及影响因素。此外，分析了PNA在低温吸附-脱附NO_x中面临的问题并展望其前景，指出提高具有优异抗水性能的NO_x吸附位点数量及Pd物种分散程度是开发高性能PNA的重要前提。

关键词: 被动NO_x吸附剂, 冷启动, 吸附, 脱附, 影响因素

Abstract:

Vehicle exhaust is one of the most important sources of NO_x emission. However, the common NO_x reduction techniques of diesel vehicle exhaust have poor performance during the cold start, so passive NO_x adsorbent (PNA) has been proposed. PNA can adsorb NO_x at low temperature and desorb NO_x at high temperature, then the released NO_x is thoroughly purified by downstream NO_x treatment unit, such as selective catalytic reduction (SCR) or storage reduction (NSR). This review summarizes the recent progress of PNA materials for NO_x purification during cold start at low temperature, and compares the structure and properties of different types of PNA materials. Among them, Pd/zeolites show good NO_x adsorption-desorption performance at low temperature, high sulfur resistance and hydrothermal stability. Further, Pd/zeolites are discussed in depth, including the NO_x storage mechanism and the influence factors. Finally, the problems of PNA in the low-temperature adsorption-desorption of NO_x are analyzed and the prospects are also outlooked. It is pointed out that increasing the number of NO_x adsorption sites with excellent water resistance and the Pd species dispersion are the important prerequisites for the development of high-performance PNA.

Key words: passive NO_x adsorbent, cold start (PNA), adsorption, desorption, influence factors

中图分类号:

X511

潘柔杏, 于庆君, 唐晓龙, 易红宏, 高凤雨, 赵顺征, 周远松, 刘媛媛. 被动NO_x吸附剂在柴油车冷启动排放控制中的研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(1): 400-417.

PAN Rouxing, YU Qingjun, TANG Xiaolong, YI Honghong, GAO Fengyu, ZHAO Shunzheng, ZHOU Yuansong, LIU Yuanyuan. Research progress of passive NO_x adsorbent in diesel vehicle for cold start emission control[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2022, 41(1): 400-417.

图/表 14

参考文献 82

1	LEE Jungkuk, THEIS Joseph R, KYRIAKIDOU Eleni A. Vehicle emissions trapping materials: successes, challenges, and the path forward[J]. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 2019, 243: 397-414.
2	AYODHYA Archit Srinivasacharya, NARAYANAPPA Kumar Gottekere. An overview of after-treatment systems for diesel engines[J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2018, 25(35): 35034-35047.
3	REŞITOĞLU İ A, ALTINIŞIK K, KESKIN A. The pollutant emissions from diesel-engine vehicles and exhaust aftertreatment systems[J]. Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy, 2015, 17(1): 15-27.
4	HAN Lupeng, CAI Sixiang, GAO Min, et al. Selective catalytic reduction of NO_x with NH₃ by using novel catalysts: state of the art and future prospects[J]. Chemical Reviews, 2019, 119(19): 10916-10976.
5	JANGJOU Yasser, Quan DO, GU Yuntao, et al. Nature of Cu active centers in Cu-SSZ-13 and their responses to SO₂ exposure[J]. ACS Catalysis, 2018, 8: 1325-1337.
6	WANG Di, JANGJOU Yasser, LIU Yong, et al. A comparison of hydrothermal aging effects on NH₃-SCR of NO_x over Cu-SSZ-13 and Cu-SAPO-34 catalysts[J]. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 2015, 165: 438-445.
7	FICKEL Dustin W, Elizabeth D’ADDIO, LAUTERBACH Jochen A, et al. The ammonia selective catalytic reduction activity of copper-exchanged small-pore zeolites[J]. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 2011, 102(3/4): 441-448.
8	CHEN Haiying, COLLIER Jillian E, LIU Dongxia, et al. Low temperature NO storage of zeolite supported Pd for low temperature diesel engine emission control[J]. Catalysis Letters, 2016, 146(9): 1706-1711.
9	MISRA Chandan, RUEHL Chris, COLLINS John, et al. In-use NO_x emissions from diesel and liquefied natural gas refuse trucks equipped with SCR and TWC, respectively[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2017, 51(12): 6981-6989.
10	WANG Yujie, YONG Xin, RONG Mingyue, et al. Recent advances in catalytic automotive emission control: passive NO storage at low temperatures[J]. Journal of the Chinese Chemical Society, 2020, 67(9): 1530-1543.
11	汪晓伟, 李腾腾, 景晓军, 等. 轻型车实际行驶污染物排放特性试验研究[J]. 小型内燃机与车辆技术, 2018, 47(6): 46-50.
	WANG Xiaowei, LI Tengteng, JING Xiaojun, et al. Experimental study on real driving emissions characteristics of light duty vehicles[J]. Small Internal Combustion Engine and Vehicle Technique, 2018, 47(6): 46-50.
12	WESTERMANN A, AZAMBRE B. Impact of the zeolite structure and acidity on the adsorption of unburnt hydrocarbons relevant to cold start conditions[J]. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2016, 120(45): 25903-25914.
13	FREY H C. Trends in onroad transportation energy and emissions[J]. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, 2018, 68(6): 514-563.
14	COLE J. System for reducing NO_x from mobile source engine exhaust: US5656244A[P]. 1997-08-12.
15	JARVIS Mottlene, ADAMS Karen Marie. Method for converting exhaust gases from a diesel engine using nitrogen oxide absorbent: US6182443 B1[P]. 2001-02-06.
16	HENRY Cary, GUPTA Aniket, CURRIER Neal, et al. Advanced technology light duty diesel aftertreatment system[J]. City, 2012, 15(570): 21-28.
17	CHEN Haiying, MULLA Shadab, WEIGERT Erich, et al. Cold start concept (CSC™): a novel catalyst for cold start emission control[J]. SAE International Journal of Fuels and Lubricants, 2013, 6(2): 372-381.
18	MELVILLE Joanne Elizabeth, BRISLEY Robert James, KEANE Orla, et al. Thermally regenerable nitric oxide adsorbent: US8105559[P]. 2012-01-31.
19	CHEN Haiying, LIU Donna, WEIGERT Erich, et al. Durability assessment of diesel cold start concept (dCSC™) technologies[J]. SAE International Journal of Engines, 2017, 10(4): 1713-1721.
20	GU Yuntao, EPLING William S. Passive NO_x adsorber: an overview of catalyst performance and reaction chemistry[J]. Applied Catalysis A: General, 2019, 570(25): 1-14.
21	MOLINER M, CORMA A. From metal-supported oxides to well-defined metal site zeolites: the next generation of passive NO_x adsorbers for low-temperature control of emissions from diesel engines[J]. Reaction Chemistry & Engineering, 2019, 4(2): 223-234.
22	FILTSCHEW Anastasia, HESS Christian. Unravelling the mechanism of NO and NO₂ storage in ceria: the role of defects and Ce-O surface sites[J]. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 2018, 237: 1066-1081.
23	LEE Kyung Ju, KUMAR Pullur Anil, MAQBOOL Muhammad Salman, et al. Ceria added Sb-V₂O₅/TiO₂ catalysts for low temperature NH₃ SCR: physico-chemical properties and catalytic activity[J]. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 2013, 142/143: 705-717.
24	Zafer SAY, VOVK Evgeny I, BUKHTIYAROV Valerii I, et al. Influence of ceria on the NO_x reduction performance of NO_x storage reduction catalysts[J]. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 2013, 142/143: 89-100.
25	JONES Samantha, JI Yaying, CROCKER Mark. Ceria-based catalysts for low temperature NO_x storage and release[J]. Catalysis Letters, 2016, 146(5): 909-917.
26	RYOU Youngseok, LEE Jaeha, LEE Hyokyoung, et al. Low temperature NO adsorption over hydrothermally aged Pd/CeO₂ for cold start application[J]. Catalysis Today, 2018, 307(1): 93-101.
27	RYOU Youngseok, LEE Jaeha, LEE Hyokyoung, et al. Effect of sulfur aging and regeneration on low temperature NO adsorption over hydrothermally treated Pd/CeO₂ and Pd/Ce_0.58Zr_0.42O₂ catalysts[J]. Catalysis Today, 2017, 297(15): 53-59.
28	KIM Yongwoo, HWANG Sungha, LEE Jaeha, et al. Comparison of NO_x adsorption/desorption behaviors over Pd/CeO₂ and Pd/SSZ-13 as passive NO_x adsorbers for cold start application[J]. Emission Control Science and Technology, 2019, 5(2): 172-182.
29	JING Yuan, CAI Zhengxu, LIU Chong, et al. Promotional effect of La in the three-way catalysis of La-loaded Al₂O₃-supported Pd catalysts (Pd/La/Al₂O₃)[J]. ACS Catalysis, 2020, 10(2): 1010-1023.
30	MOZAFFARI Nastaran, SOLAYMANI Shahram, ACHOUR Amine, et al. New Insights into SnO₂/Al₂O₃, Ni/Al₂O₃, and SnO_2/Ni/Al₂O₃ composite films for CO adsorption: building a bridge between microstructures and adsorption properties[J]. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2020, 124(6): 3692-3701.
31	JI Yaying, BAI Shuli, CROCKER Mark. Al₂O₃-based passive NO_x adsorbers for low temperature applications[J]. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 2015, 170/171: 283-292.
32	LUO Jinyong, GAO Feng, KARIM Ayman M, et al. Advantages of MgAlO_x over γ-Al₂O₃ as a support material for potassium-based high-temperature lean NO_x traps[J]. ACS Catalysis, 2015, 5(8): 4680-4689.
33	THEIS Joseph R, LAMBERT Christine K. An assessment of low temperature NO_x adsorbers for cold-start NO_x control on diesel engines[J]. Catalysis Today, 2015, 258: 367-377.
34	REN Shouxian, SCHMIEG Steven J, KOCH Calvin K, et al. Investigation of Ag-based low temperature NO adsorbers[J]. Catalysis Today, 2015, 258: 378-385.
35	JONES Samantha, JI Yaying, Agustín BUENO-LOPEZ, et al. CeO₂-M₂O₃ passive NO_x adsorbers for cold start applications[J]. Emission Control Science and Technology, 2017, 3(1): 59-72.
36	BOUTIKOS Panagiotis, Adrián ŽÁK, Petr KOĆÍ. CO and hydrocarbon light-off inhibition by pre-adsorbed NO_x on Pt/CeO₂/Al₂O₃ and Pd/CeO₂/Al₂O₃ diesel oxidation catalysts[J]. Chemical Engineering Science, 2019, 209: 115201.
37	THEIS Joseph R. An assessment of Pt and Pd model catalysts for low temperature NO adsorption[J]. Catalysis Today, 2016, 267: 93-109.
38	THEIS Joseph R, LAMBERT Christine K. Mechanistic assessment of low temperature NO_x adsorbers for cold start NO_x control on diesel engines[J]. Catalysis Today, 2019, 320: 181-195.
39	JI Yaying, XU Dongyan, BAI Shuli, et al. Pt- and Pd-promoted CeO₂-ZrO₂ for passive NO_x adsorber applications[J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2017, 56(1): 111-125.
40	KVASNICKOVA Anežka, KOCI Petr, JI Yaying, et al. Effective model of NO_x adsorption and desorption on PtPd/CeO₂-ZrO₂ passive NO_x adsorber[J]. Catalysis Letters, 2020, 150(11): 3223-3233.
41	LI Hang, SHEN Meiqing, WANG Jianqiang, et al. Effect of support on CO oxidation performance over the Pd/CeO₂ and Pd/CeO₂-ZrO₂ catalyst[J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2020, 59(4): 1477-1486.
42	THEIS Joseph R, LAMBERT Christine. The effects of CO, C₂H₄, and H₂O on the NO_x storage performance of low temperature NO_x adsorbers for diesel applications[J]. SAE International Journal of Engines, 2017, 10(4): 1627-1637.
43	JI Yaying, BAI Shuli, XU Dongyan, et al. Pd-promoted WO₃-ZrO₂ for low temperature NO_x storage[J]. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 2020, 264(5): 118499.
44	PORTA Alessandro, PELLEGRINELLI Tommaso, CASTOLDI Lidia, et al. Low temperature NO_x adsorption study on Pd-promoted zeolites[J]. Topics in Catalysis, 2018, 61(18/19): 2021-2034.
45	MODEN Bjorn, DONOHUE James M, CORMIER William E, et al. The uses and challenges of zeolites in automotive applications[J]. Topics in Catalysis, 2010, 53(19/20): 1367-1373.
46	COLLIER Jillian Elaine, YANG Sanyuan. Passive NO_x adsorber: US2017/0001169 A1[P]. 2017-01-05.
47	KHIVANTSEV Konstantin, JAEGERS Nicholas R, KOVARIK Libor, et al. The superior hydrothermal stability of Pd/SSZ-39 in low temperature passive NO_x adsorption (PNA) and methane combustion[J]. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 2021, 280: 119449.
48	WANG Aiyong, LINDGREN Kristina, DI Mengqiao, et al. Insight into hydrothermal aging effect on Pd sites over Pd/LTA and Pd/SSZ-13 as PNA and CO oxidation monolith catalysts[J]. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 2020, 278: 119315.
49	CHANG Xiaofei, LU Guanzhong, GUO Yun, et al. A high effective adsorbent of NO_x: preparation, characterization and performance of Ca-beta zeolites[J]. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 2013, 165: 113-120.
50	JIANG Qiuren, WANG Chen, SHEN Meiqing, et al. The first non-precious metal passive NO_x adsorber for cold-start applications[J]. Catalysis Communications, 2019, 125: 103-107.
51	RYOU Youngseok, LEE Jaeha, CHO Sung June, et al. Activation of Pd/SSZ-13 catalyst by hydrothermal aging treatment in passive NO adsorption performance at low temperature for cold start application[J]. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 2017, 212: 140-149.
52	LEE Jaeha, RYOU Youngseok, HWANG Sungha, et al. Comparative study of the mobility of Pd species in SSZ-13 and ZSM-5, and its implication for their activity as passive NO_x adsorbers (PNAs) after hydro-thermal aging[J]. Catalysis Science & Technology, 2019, 9(1): 163-173.
53	ZHENG Yang, KOVARIK Libor, ENGELHARD Mark H, et al. Low-temperature Pd/Zeolite passive NO_x adsorbers: structure, performance, and adsorption chemistry[J]. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2017, 121(29): 15793-15803.
54	KHIVANTSEV Konstantin, JAEGERS Nicholas R, KOVARIK Libor, et al. Palladium/Beta zeolite passive NO_x adsorbers (PNA): clarification of PNA chemistry and the effects of CO and zeolite crystallite size on PNA performance[J]. Applied Catalysis A: General, 2019, 569: 141-148.
55	BELLO Estefanía, MARGARIT Vicente J, GALLEGO Eva M, et al. Deactivation and regeneration studies on Pd-containing medium pore zeolites as passive NO_x adsorbers (PNAs) in cold-start applications[J]. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 2020, 302(1): 110222.
56	KHIVANTSEV Konstantin, JAEGERS Nicholas R, KOVARIK Libor, et al. Achieving atomic dispersion of highly loaded transition metals in small-pore zeolite SSZ-13: high-capacity and high-efficiency low-temperature CO and passive NO_x adsorbers[J]. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 2018, 57(51): 16672-16677.
57	KHIVANTSEV Konstantin, JAEGERS Nicholas R, KOVARIK Libor, et al. Palladium/zeolite low temperature passive NO_x adsorbers (PNA): structure-adsorption property relationships for hydrothermally aged PNA materials[J]. Emission Control Science and Technology, 2020, 6(2): 126-138.
58	SHAN Yulong, SUN Yu, LI Yaobin, et al. Passive NO adsorption on hydrothermally aged Pd-based small-pore zeolites[J]. Topics in Catalysis, 2020, 63(9/10): 944-953.
59	KHIVANTSEV Konstantin, WEI Xinyi, KOVARIK Libor, et al. Pd/FER vs. Pd/SSZ-13 passive NO_x adsorbers: adsorbate-controlled location of atomically dispersed Pd(‍Ⅱ) in FER determines high activity and stability[J]. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, DOI: 10.1002/anie.202107554.
60	AMBAST Mugdha, KARINSHAK Kyle, RAHMAN Bhuiyan Md Mushfikur, et al. Passive NO_x adsorption on Pd/H-ZSM-5: experiments and modeling[J]. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 2020, 269: 118802.
61	ZHANG Beibei, SHEN Meiqing, WANG Jianqiang, et al. Investigation of various Pd species in Pd/BEA for cold start application[J]. Catalysts, 2019, 9(3): 247.
62	YU Qingjun, CHEN Xiaoyin, BHAT Adarsh, et al. Activation of passive NO_x adsorbers by pretreatment with reaction gas mixture[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2020, 399: 125727.
63	杜延年, 周祥, 周涵, 等. FAU分子筛骨架中Al原子的分布规律及对Brønsted酸强度的影响[J]. 石油学报(石油加工), 2019, 35(1): 11-19.
	DU Yannian, ZHOU Xiang, ZHOU Han, et al. Distribution of aluminum atoms in FAU structured framework and their influence on Brønsted acid strength[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica (Petroleum Processing Section), 2019, 35(1): 11-19.
64	ADELMAN B J, SACHTLER W M H. The effect of zeolitic protons on NO_x reduction over Pd/ZSM-5 catalysts[J]. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 1997, 14(1/2): 1-11.
65	MIHAI Oana, Lidija TRANDAFILOVIĆ, WENTWORTH Travis, et al. The effect of Si/Al ratio for Pd/BEA and Pd/SSZ-13 used as passive NO_x adsorbers[J]. Topics in Catalysis, 2018, 61(18/19): 2007-2020.
66	RYOU Youngseok, LEE Jaeha, LEE Hyokyoung, et al. Effect of various activation conditions on the low temperature NO adsorption performance of Pd/SSZ-13 passive NO_x adsorber[J]. Catalysis Today, 2019, 320: 175-180.
67	王宁. 高分散金属分子筛的制备及其加氢催化性能研究[D]. 北京: 北京化工大学, 2018.
	WANG Ning. Preparation and catalytic performance of highly dispersed metal molecular sieves[D]. Beijing: Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 2018.
68	IWASAKI Masaoki, SHINJOH Hirofumi. Hydrothermal stability enhancement by sequential ion-exchange of rare earth metals on Fe/BEA zeolites used as NO reduction catalysts[J]. Chemical Communications, 2011, 47(13): 3966-3968.
69	LEE Jaeha, KIM Yongwoo, HWANG Sungha, et al. Deactivation of Pd/Zeolites passive NO_x adsorber induced by NO and H₂O: comparative study of Pd/ZSM-5 and Pd/SSZ-13[J]. Catalysis Today, 2021, 360: 350-355.
70	GU Yuntao, ZELINSKY Ryan P, CHEN Yuren, et al. Investigation of an irreversible NO_x storage degradation mode on a Pd/BEA passive NO_x adsorber[J]. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 2019, 258(5): 118032.
71	RYOU Youngseok, LEE Jaeha, KIM Yongwoo, et al. Effect of reduction treatments (H₂vs. CO) on the NO adsorption ability and the physicochemical properties of Pd/SSZ-13 passive NO_x adsorber for cold start application[J]. Applied Catalysis A: General, 2019, 569: 28-34.
72	ILMASANI Rojin Feizie, Jungwon WOO, CREASER Derek, et al. Influencing the NO_x stability by metal oxide addition to Pd/BEA for passive NO_x adsorbers[J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2020, 59(21): 9830-9840.
73	LEE Jaeha, RYOU Youngseok, CHO Sung June, et al. Investigation of the active sites and optimum Pd/Al of Pd/ZSM-5 passive NO adsorbers for the cold-start application: evidence of isolated-Pd species obtained after a high-temperature thermal treatment[J]. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 2018, 226: 71-82.
74	LEE Jaeha, KIM Jonghyun, KIM Yongwoo, et al. Improving NO_x storage and CO oxidation abilities of Pd/SSZ-13 by increasing its hydrophobicity[J]. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 2020, 277: 119190.
75	Anh VU, LUO Jinyong, LI Junhui, et al. Effects of CO on Pd/BEA passive NO_x adsorbers[J]. Catalysis Letters, 2017, 147(3): 745-750.
76	KHIVANTSEV Konstantin, GAO Feng, KOVARIK Libor, et al. Molecular level understanding of how oxygen and carbon monoxide improve NO_x storage in Palladium/SSZ-13 passive NO_x adsorbers: the role of NO⁺ and Pd(‍Ⅱ)(CO)(NO) species[J]. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2018, 122(20): 10820-10827.
77	GUPTA Abhay, KANG Sung Bong, HAROLD Michael P. NO_x uptake and release on Pd/SSZ-13: impact of feed composition and temperature[J]. Catalysis Today, 2021, 360(15): 411-425.
78	MEI Donghai, GAO Feng, SZANYI Janos, et al. Mechanistic insight into the passive NO_x adsorption in the highly dispersed Pd/HBEA zeolite[J]. Applied Catalysis A: General, 2019, 569: 181-189.
79	KHIVANTSEV Konstantin, JAEGERS Nicholas R, KOLEVA Iskra Z, et al. Stabilization of super electrophilic Pd²⁺ cations in small-pore SSZ-13 zeolite[J]. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2020, 124(1): 309-321.
80	CASTOLDI Lidia, MATARRESE Roberto, MORANDI Sara, et al. Low-temperature Pd/FER NO_x adsorbers: operando FT-IR spectroscopy and performance analysis[J]. Catalysis Today, 2021, 360(15): 317-325.
81	XU Lifeng, LUPESCU Jason, Justin URA, et al. Benefits of Pd doped zeolites for cold start HC/NO_x emission reductions for gasoline and E85 fueled vehicles[J]. SAE International Journal of Fuels and Lubricants, 2018, 11(4): 301-317.
82	KYRIAKIDOU Eleni A, LEE Jungkuk, CHOI Jae Soon, et al. A comparative study of silver- and palladium-exchanged zeolites in propylene and nitrogen oxide adsorption and desorption for cold-start applications[J]. Catalysis Today, 2021, 360: 220-233.

载体	金属	负载量（质量分数）/%	存储温度/℃	存储性能（NSE值或NO_x/Pd）	释放性能（NDE值或温度范围）	参考文献
CeO₂	Pt	1~2	80~120	NSE约40%	<350℃，NDE约20% 350~500℃	［25-26］
	Pd	1~2	80~120	NSE 25%~50%	<350℃，NDE约40% 180~500℃	［8，25-28］
	Pd-Pt	1-1	80	—	280~500℃	［26］
Al₂O₃	Pt	0.43g/L 2	80~200	NSE约37%	380~500℃	［26，37］
	Pd	0.43g/L 2	80~200	NSE约14%	150~350℃	［26，37］
	Pt-La	1-1	80~160	NSE 60%~90%	250~500℃，NDE约60%	［31］
	Pd-Pt	1-1	80	—	150~500℃	［26］
	Ag	1.3	120	NSE约50%	250~470℃	［34］
ZrO₂	Pd	1	120	NSE约33%	<350℃，NDE约70%	［43］
ZrO₂	—	—	—	NSE约10.5%	<350℃，释放量与吸附量相当	［43］
CeO₂-Pr₂O₃	Pt	1	120	NSE约68%	<350℃，NDE约40%	［35］
CeO₂-Pr₂O₃	Pd	1	120	NSE约50%	<350℃，NDE约41%	［35］
CeO₂-ZrO₂	Pt	1	120	NSE约70%	<350℃，NDE约60%	［39］
	Pd	1~2	80~120	NSE约20%	<350℃，NDE约80% 250~500℃	［27，39］
	Pt-Pd	0.5-0.5	120	NSE约50%	<350℃，NDE约70%	［39］
CeO₂-Al₂O₃	Pt	2.3	80	NSE约10%	300~400℃	［36］
CeO₂-Al₂O₃	Pd	2.3	80	NSE约5%	100~200℃	［36］
WO₃-ZrO₂	Pd	1	120	NSE约80%	<350℃，NDE约100%	［43］
WO₃-ZrO₂	—	—	—	NSE约0	<350℃，释放量与吸附量相当	［43］
SSZ-13	Pd	1~2	80~120	NSE约90% NO_x/Pd 0.41	250~450℃	［8，28，48，56］
SSZ-13	Co	—	100	NSE约96%	250~400℃	［50］
Beta	Pd	1	100	NSE约90%	200~450℃	［8］
Beta	CaO	10	40	NO_x穿透时间102min	500~550℃	［49］
ZSM-5	Pd	0~2	50~150	NSE约90% NO_x/Pd 0.3~0.83	200~450℃	［8，55，60］
LTA	Pd	1.4	80	NO_x/Pd 0.52	300~400℃	［48］
SSZ-39	Pd	0.7	100	NSE约90%	230~350℃	［47］
FER	Pd	1.8	100	NO_x/Pd 0.9	200~300℃	［59］
MCM-22	Pd	1.22	100	NO_x/Pd 0.55	180~300℃	［55］

载体	金属	负载量（质量分数）/%	存储温度/℃	存储性能（NSE值或NO_x/Pd）	释放性能（NDE值或温度范围）	参考文献
CeO₂	Pt	1~2	80~120	NSE约40%	<350℃，NDE约20% 350~500℃	［25-26］
	Pd	1~2	80~120	NSE 25%~50%	<350℃，NDE约40% 180~500℃	［8，25-28］
	Pd-Pt	1-1	80	—	280~500℃	［26］
Al₂O₃	Pt	0.43g/L 2	80~200	NSE约37%	380~500℃	［26，37］
	Pd	0.43g/L 2	80~200	NSE约14%	150~350℃	［26，37］
	Pt-La	1-1	80~160	NSE 60%~90%	250~500℃，NDE约60%	［31］
	Pd-Pt	1-1	80	—	150~500℃	［26］
	Ag	1.3	120	NSE约50%	250~470℃	［34］
ZrO₂	Pd	1	120	NSE约33%	<350℃，NDE约70%	［43］
ZrO₂	—	—	—	NSE约10.5%	<350℃，释放量与吸附量相当	［43］
CeO₂-Pr₂O₃	Pt	1	120	NSE约68%	<350℃，NDE约40%	［35］
CeO₂-Pr₂O₃	Pd	1	120	NSE约50%	<350℃，NDE约41%	［35］
CeO₂-ZrO₂	Pt	1	120	NSE约70%	<350℃，NDE约60%	［39］
	Pd	1~2	80~120	NSE约20%	<350℃，NDE约80% 250~500℃	［27，39］
	Pt-Pd	0.5-0.5	120	NSE约50%	<350℃，NDE约70%	［39］
CeO₂-Al₂O₃	Pt	2.3	80	NSE约10%	300~400℃	［36］
CeO₂-Al₂O₃	Pd	2.3	80	NSE约5%	100~200℃	［36］
WO₃-ZrO₂	Pd	1	120	NSE约80%	<350℃，NDE约100%	［43］
WO₃-ZrO₂	—	—	—	NSE约0	<350℃，释放量与吸附量相当	［43］
SSZ-13	Pd	1~2	80~120	NSE约90% NO_x/Pd 0.41	250~450℃	［8，28，48，56］
SSZ-13	Co	—	100	NSE约96%	250~400℃	［50］
Beta	Pd	1	100	NSE约90%	200~450℃	［8］
Beta	CaO	10	40	NO_x穿透时间102min	500~550℃	［49］
ZSM-5	Pd	0~2	50~150	NSE约90% NO_x/Pd 0.3~0.83	200~450℃	［8，55，60］
LTA	Pd	1.4	80	NO_x/Pd 0.52	300~400℃	［48］
SSZ-39	Pd	0.7	100	NSE约90%	230~350℃	［47］
FER	Pd	1.8	100	NO_x/Pd 0.9	200~300℃	［59］
MCM-22	Pd	1.22	100	NO_x/Pd 0.55	180~300℃	［55］

[1]	王胜岩, 邓帅, 赵睿恺. 变电吸附二氧化碳捕集技术研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(S1): 233-245.
[2]	崔守成, 徐洪波, 彭楠. 两种MOFs材料用于O₂/He吸附分离的模拟分析[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(S1): 382-390.
[3]	陈崇明, 陈秋, 宫云茜, 车凯, 郁金星, 孙楠楠. 分子筛基CO₂吸附剂研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(S1): 411-419.
[4]	许春树, 姚庆达, 梁永贤, 周华龙. 共价有机框架材料功能化策略及其对Hg(Ⅱ)和Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附性能研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(S1): 461-478.
[5]	顾永正, 张永生. HBr改性飞灰对Hg⁰的动态吸附及动力学模型[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(S1): 498-509.
[6]	郭强, 赵文凯, 肖永厚. 增强流体扰动强化变压吸附甲硫醚/氮气分离的数值模拟[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(S1): 64-72.
[7]	葛亚粉, 孙宇, 肖鹏, 刘琦, 刘波, 孙成蓥, 巩雁军. 分子筛去除VOCs的研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(9): 4716-4730.
[8]	许中硕, 周盼盼, 王宇晖, 黄威, 宋新山. 硫铁矿介导的自养反硝化研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(9): 4863-4871.
[9]	陈翔宇, 卞春林, 肖本益. 温度分级厌氧消化工艺的研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(9): 4872-4881.
[10]	杨莹, 侯豪杰, 黄瑞, 崔煜, 王兵, 刘健, 鲍卫仁, 常丽萍, 王建成, 韩丽娜. 利用煤焦油中酚类物质Stöber法制备碳纳米球用于CO₂吸附[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(9): 5011-5018.
[11]	张振, 李丹, 陈辰, 吴菁岚, 应汉杰, 乔浩. 吸附树脂对唾液酸的分离纯化[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(8): 4153-4158.
[12]	姜晶, 陈霄宇, 张瑞妍, 盛光遥. 载锰生物炭制备及其在环境修复中应用研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(8): 4385-4397.
[13]	于静文, 宋璐娜, 刘砚超, 吕瑞东, 武蒙蒙, 冯宇, 李忠, 米杰. 一种吲哚基超交联聚合物In-HCP对水中碘的吸附作用[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(7): 3674-3683.
[14]	李艳玲, 卓振, 池亮, 陈曦, 孙堂磊, 刘鹏, 雷廷宙. 氮掺杂生物炭的制备与应用研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(7): 3720-3735.
[15]	杨子育, 朱玲, 王文龙, 于超凡, 桑义敏. 阴燃法处理含油污泥的研究及应用进展[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(7): 3760-3769.