基于短程反硝化厌氧氨氧化新型污水生物脱氮工艺的研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-1175

化工进展 ›› 2023, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (4): 2091-2100.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-1175

基于短程反硝化厌氧氨氧化新型污水生物脱氮工艺的研究进展

朱紫旋¹(), 陈俊江¹, 张星星¹, 李祥¹, 刘文如¹^,²^,³, 吴鹏¹^,²^,³()

^1.苏州科技大学环境科学与工程学院，江苏苏州 215009
^2.城市生活污水资源化利用技术国家地方联合工程实验室，江苏苏州 215009
^3.江苏省水处理技术与材料协同创新中心，江苏苏州 215009

收稿日期:2022-06-23 修回日期:2022-08-24 出版日期:2023-04-25 发布日期:2023-05-08
通讯作者: 吴鹏
作者简介:朱紫旋（1998—），女，硕士研究生，研究方向为污水处理与回用技术。E-mail：2878224250@qq.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(51578353);江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划(SJCX22_1595);苏州市水利水务科技项目(2022005)

Research advances on novel wastewater biological nitrogen removal technology by partial denitrification coupled with Anammox

ZHU Zixuan¹(), CHEN Junjiang¹, ZHANG Xingxing¹, LI Xiang¹, LIU Wenru¹^,²^,³, WU Peng¹^,²^,³()

^1.School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, Jiangsu, China
^2.National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, Suzhou 215009, Jiangsu, China
^3.Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou 215009, Jiangsu, China

Received:2022-06-23 Revised:2022-08-24 Online:2023-04-25 Published:2023-05-08
Contact: WU Peng

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

短程反硝化厌氧氨氧化（PD/A）工艺凭借其无需曝气、废物质产量低、有机碳源需求少等优点，被视为近年来最具有主流工程应用前景的新型生物脱氮工艺。本文首先阐述了PD/A工艺的原理及特点；随后从pH、碳源、盐度以及重金属等方面总结了影响PD/A工艺的关键因素，同时提出了实现PD/A工艺核心功能菌群快速富集以及良好协同的调控策略；而后概括了由PD/A工艺发展而来的多种衍生工艺，并从工艺稳定性、经济性和可调控性等方面，分析了这些衍生工艺的研究前景；最后展望了PD/A工艺未来的研究重点，认为借助宏基因组学技术探明不利生境胁迫下PD/A工艺的抗性形成机制，有利于未来主流厌氧氨氧化（Anammox）工艺的实际工程应用；同时认为于双碳背景下与现有成熟的生物脱氮工艺相耦合，实现各类废水的经济、高效和达标处理，将会是PD/A工艺未来的一个重点研究方向。

关键词: 短程反硝化, 厌氧氨氧化, 关键影响因素, 核心功能菌, 衍生工艺

Abstract:

Partial denitritation Anammox (PD/A) process has been regarded as a novel biological nitrogen removal process with the most mainstream engineering application prospects in recent years due to its advantages of no aeration, less waste matter yield and less demand for organic carbon sources. Firstly, this paper expounds the principle and characteristics of PD/A process. Then, the paper summarizes the key factors affecting PD/A process from the aspects of pH, carbon source, salinity and heavy metals. Meanwhile, the control strategies of realizing rapid enrichment and good coordination of core functional flora in PD/A process are put forward. Then, a variety of derivative processes developed from PD/A process are summarized, and the research prospects of these derivative processes are analyzed from the aspects of process stability, economy and controllability. Finally, the research focus of PD/A process in the future is prospected, that is, the use of metagenomic technology to identify the resistance formation mechanism of PD/A process under adverse habitat stress is beneficial to the practical engineering application of mainstream Anammox process in the future. What's more, it is believed that coupling with the existing mature biological denitrification process under the background of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality to realize the economical, efficient and standard treatment of various wastewaters will be a key research direction of PD/A process in the future.

Key words: partial denitritation, Anammox, key influencing factors, core functional bacteria, derivative process

中图分类号:

X703

朱紫旋, 陈俊江, 张星星, 李祥, 刘文如, 吴鹏. 基于短程反硝化厌氧氨氧化新型污水生物脱氮工艺的研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(4): 2091-2100.

ZHU Zixuan, CHEN Junjiang, ZHANG Xingxing, LI Xiang, LIU Wenru, WU Peng. Research advances on novel wastewater biological nitrogen removal technology by partial denitrification coupled with Anammox[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2023, 42(4): 2091-2100.

图/表 4

图1 PD/A工艺原理

图2 SPNDA工艺原理

表1 PD/A衍生工艺的研究与应用

衍生工艺	反应器	废水类型	运行条件			TN去除率/%	参考文献
衍生工艺	反应器	废水类型	C/N	DO/mg·L^-1	温度/℃	TN去除率/%	参考文献
DPR+PDA	ABR-CSTR	模拟生活污水+ $N O 3 -$ -N	0.7	—	33±0.5	97.57	[43]
DPR+EPDA	SBR	实际生活污水+ $N O 3 -$ -N	3.0	—	15~24	95	[58]
SPDAF	UASB	实际生活污水+ $N O 3 -$ -N	3.2	—	26±2	93.1	[61]
SPNDA	SBR	合成废水	3.0	0.15	30±1	97.6±0.5	[66]
PNA+PDA	SBR	合成废水	0.28	0.25±0.1	30±2	94.6	[70]
INPDA	SBBR	实际生活污水	2.5	1.0	30±1	94.1	[74]
AnHA-PDA	ABR-CSTR	模拟生活污水+ $N O 3 -$ -N	2.36	—	32±1	94.78	[6]
IFNPDA	ABR-CSTR	实际生活污水	3.9	1.8	30±1	94.1	[76]

表1 PD/A衍生工艺的研究与应用

衍生工艺	反应器	废水类型	运行条件			TN去除率/%	参考文献
衍生工艺	反应器	废水类型	C/N	DO/mg·L^-1	温度/℃	TN去除率/%	参考文献
DPR+PDA	ABR-CSTR	模拟生活污水+ $N O 3 -$ -N	0.7	—	33±0.5	97.57	[43]
DPR+EPDA	SBR	实际生活污水+ $N O 3 -$ -N	3.0	—	15~24	95	[58]
SPDAF	UASB	实际生活污水+ $N O 3 -$ -N	3.2	—	26±2	93.1	[61]
SPNDA	SBR	合成废水	3.0	0.15	30±1	97.6±0.5	[66]
PNA+PDA	SBR	合成废水	0.28	0.25±0.1	30±2	94.6	[70]
INPDA	SBBR	实际生活污水	2.5	1.0	30±1	94.1	[74]
AnHA-PDA	ABR-CSTR	模拟生活污水+ $N O 3 -$ -N	2.36	—	32±1	94.78	[6]
IFNPDA	ABR-CSTR	实际生活污水	3.9	1.8	30±1	94.1	[76]

图3 双碳背景下PD/A工艺的潜在工程应用方案

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基于短程反硝化厌氧氨氧化新型污水生物脱氮工艺的研究进展

Research advances on novel wastewater biological nitrogen removal technology by partial denitrification coupled with Anammox

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