用于质子交换膜燃料电池的高温无机质子传导材料研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2018-1311

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

质子交换膜是质子交换膜燃料电池（PEMFC）的核心部件，其主要作用是传导质子。无机质子传导材料作为一种新型的质子传导介质，近年来逐渐引起了人们的关注。本文主要介绍了小分子磷酸、无机沸石材料、固体酸和无机氧化物陶瓷材料等几种高温无机质子传导材料，并对它们的性能和特点进行了评述。主要结论如下：小分子磷酸质子传导率高，但是容易泄露；无机沸石材料化学稳定性好，但质子传导率尚有提高的空间；无机氧化物陶瓷材料力学性能和化学温度性能均很好，但质子传导率相对较低；固体酸质子传导率优异，高温稳定性也好，是最有希望在PEMFC中获得推广应用的材料。

关键词: 质子交换膜, 燃料电池, 质子传导材料, 无机氧化物

Abstract:

Proton exchange membrane is the core component used in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC). In recent years, inorganic proton conduction materials have attracted more and more attention because of their good performance at high temperature. Small molecular phosphoric acid, inorganic zeolite, solid acid, and inorganic ceramic oxide were introduced in this paper. It was concluded that small molecule phosphoric acid has higher conductivity, but it is easy to leak out. Inorganic zeolite material has good chemical stability but the proton conductivity still needs to increase. Inorganic oxide ceramic material has good mechanical properties and chemical performance, yet the proton conductivity is also relatively low. Among them, the solid acid, has the best proton conductivity and high temperature stability, and thus is considered to be the most promising material for PEMFC applications.

Key words: proton exchange membrane, fuel cells, proton conduction materials, inorganic oxide

中图分类号:

TM911.48

王颖锋, 李凯, 李水荣, 王夺, 叶跃元, 刘运权. 用于质子交换膜燃料电池的高温无机质子传导材料研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2019, 38(05): 2212-2221.

Yingfeng WANG, Kai LI, Shuirong LI, Duo WANG, Yueyuan YE, Yunquan LIU. Progress in high temperature inorganic proton conduction materials used for proton exchange membrane fuel cells[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2019, 38(05): 2212-2221.

图/表 16

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膜类型	拉伸强度/MPa	断裂拉伸率/%
PBI	133±7.09	65±17
PBI/DBpX	122±11.5	79±17
PBI/BADGE	114±2.25	26±13

膜类型	拉伸强度/MPa	断裂拉伸率/%
PBI	133±7.09	65±17
PBI/DBpX	122±11.5	79±17
PBI/BADGE	114±2.25	26±13

膜类型	质子传导率/S·cm^-1			酸泄露率/%	酸掺杂/%	激活能量/kJ·mol^-1
膜类型	140℃	165℃	180℃	酸泄露率/%	酸掺杂/%	激活能量/kJ·mol^-1
PBI	0.0794	0.1030	0.1439	85	13.9±0.4	26
PBI/BADGE	0.0541	0.0590	0.0666	73	10.3±0.2	11
PBI/EGDE	0.0468	0.0682	0.0972	80	10.2±0.3	32
PBI/TPA	0.0631	0.0891	0.1172	82	12.7±0.5	28
PBI/DBpX	0.0711	0.1009	0.1513	80	15±0.4	32

膜类型	质子传导率/S·cm^-1			酸泄露率/%	酸掺杂/%	激活能量/kJ·mol^-1
膜类型	140℃	165℃	180℃	酸泄露率/%	酸掺杂/%	激活能量/kJ·mol^-1
PBI	0.0794	0.1030	0.1439	85	13.9±0.4	26
PBI/BADGE	0.0541	0.0590	0.0666	73	10.3±0.2	11
PBI/EGDE	0.0468	0.0682	0.0972	80	10.2±0.3	32
PBI/TPA	0.0631	0.0891	0.1172	82	12.7±0.5	28
PBI/DBpX	0.0711	0.1009	0.1513	80	15±0.4	32

材料类型		测试条件	最大功率密度/W·cm^-2	测试温度/℃
PBI/DBpX^[13]	0.1513	180℃	0.123	165
PA-doped PESB^[14]	0.0730	160℃	0.427	160
PA-doped PBI^[15]	0.1230	室温下，100%相对湿度	N/A	N/A
Phosphoric acid doped MTZPAEK^[16]	0.0510	190℃	0.061	160