用于高温质子交换膜燃料电池的聚合物电解质膜研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2018-0053

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 高温质子交换膜燃料电池在降低燃料电池水热管理复杂性、催化剂中毒方面有明显优势；可改善电池阴阳两极尤其是阴极氧气还原反应的动力学特性，提高电池的效率。聚合物电解质膜作为关键材料之一，在高温时易失水导致质子传导率降低、机械强度和热稳定性不高等问题。本文基于磺酸、磷酸和离子液体等不同质子传递介质，对高温聚合物电解质膜进行综述，比较了各类聚合物电解质膜的优缺点及应用时存在的问题，着重探讨嵌段共聚物在高温聚合物电解质膜方面的潜在应用，指出离子液体的添加不但可作为质子载体，而且在构建嵌段聚合物结构方面可发挥"诱导剂"作用。提出通过分子设计可更好了解嵌段聚合物的空间构效关系，进而通过结构设计提高膜的质子传导性能和稳定性。

关键词: 高温质子交换膜燃料电池, 聚合物电解质膜, 嵌段聚合物, 离子液体

Abstract: High temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell has obvious advantages in reducing the complexity in water and thermal management and the catalyst poisoning of fuel cell. It can also improve the cell dynamics of the oxygen reduction reactions especially that occuring on cathode, and further increase the efficiency of fuel cell. As one of the key materials of PEMFC, polymer electrolyte membrane has low mechanical strength and thermal stability at high temperature, as well as lower proton conductivity due to the absence of water. High temperature polymer electrolyte membranes were briefly reviewed in this paper based on the proton transfer medium such as sulfonic acid, phosphoric acid and ionic liquids. The advantages and disadvantages of various types of membranes were compared, and the problems in their applications were also discussed. The review focused on the potential applications of block copolymer in high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane. Ionic liquids were introduced as the proton carrier and inducer in the construction of diblock polymer structure. It was suggested that the relationship between the structure and the performance of block polymer could be better understood through molecular design, while the proton conductivity and stability of high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane could be improved through structural design.

Key words: high temperature PEMFC, polymer electrolyte membrane, block copolymer, ionic liquid

中图分类号:

TM911.48

李英, 张香平. 用于高温质子交换膜燃料电池的聚合物电解质膜研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2018, 37(09): 3446-3453.

LI Ying, ZHANG Xiangping. Research progress of polymer electrolyte membrane for high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2018, 37(09): 3446-3453.

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