离子液体基萃取体系用于卤水中锂分离的研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2020-1379

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

近年来，锂电行业的迅猛发展，使锂资源，特别是卤水锂资源的开发利用受到了广泛关注。离子液体作为一种新型的绿色介质为优化升级传统溶剂萃取法卤水提锂带来了新机遇。本文首先简要回顾了离子液体基萃取体系用于卤水提锂的发展历程，重点阐述了离子液体萃取分离锂的行为与性能，详细讨论了萃取机理，并简单介绍了其他基于离子液体的锂分离技术。在此基础上进一步分析了离子液体基萃取体系存在的问题, 提出深入开展离子液体基萃取体系用于盐湖锂分离的机理研究并开发新型离子液体萃取剂及萃取体系，建立和优化新型萃取工艺是未来的主要发展方向。本文期望为盐湖锂资源的绿色、高效开发提供借鉴与参考。

关键词: 盐湖锂, 分离, 离子液体, 溶剂萃取, 机理, 离子交换

Abstract:

In recent years, the rapid development of lithium battery industry has attracted widespread attention to the development and utilization of lithium resources, especially the brine lithium resources. Ionic liquid (IL) as a new type of green organic solvent, which is composed of anions and cations, exhibits unique physical and chemical properties, and brings new opportunities for optimizing and upgrading traditional solvent extraction method to extract lithium from brine. In this paper, the development history of ionic liquid-based extraction systems for lithium separation from salt lake brine was briefly reviewed firstly. Then, the behavior and performance of lithium extraction with ionic liquid as diluent, extractant or co-extractant were reviewed and discussed. In addition, the extraction mechanisms are elaborated in detail. Other IL-based lithium recovery processes, such as nanofiltration and electrolysis with IL-based membrane, and co-extraction with IL-based bulky anion, were also summarized. Finally, the problems of ionic liquid-based extraction system were further analyzed. It was proposed that the in-depth study of lithium extraction mechanism, the development of new ionic liquid extractants and extraction systems, and the establishment of new extraction processes were the main development directions in the future. This review is expected to provide a reference for the green and efficient extraction of lithium from salt lake.

Key words: lithium in salt lake, separation, ionic liquids, solvent extraction, mechanism, ion exchange

中图分类号:

O658

白瑞兵, 王均凤, 王道广, 张延强. 离子液体基萃取体系用于卤水中锂分离的研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40(6): 3224-3238.

BAI Ruibing, WANG Junfeng, WANG Daoguang, ZHANG Yanqiang. Research progress of ionic liquid-based extraction separation of lithium from brine[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2021, 40(6): 3224-3238.

图/表 5

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