固定床反应器不同水分煤热解数值模拟

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2025-0153

化工进展 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (8): 4513-4525.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2025-0153

• 反应器与过程装备的模拟与仿真 • 上一篇

固定床反应器不同水分煤热解数值模拟

王蓝欣¹^,²(), 李飞²^,³(), 钱亚男⁴, 田于杰²(), 申峻¹, 王维²^,³

^1.太原理工大学化学与化工学院，山西太原 030024
^2.中国科学院过程工程研究所介科学与工程全国重点实验室，北京 100190
^3.中国科学院大学化学工程学院，北京 100049
^4.中石化安全工程研究院有限公司化学品安全全国重点实验室，山东青岛 266000

收稿日期:2025-02-07 修回日期:2025-05-12 出版日期:2025-08-25 发布日期:2025-09-08
通讯作者: 李飞,田于杰
作者简介:王蓝欣（2000—），女，硕士研究生，研究方向为煤热解过程仿真。E-mail：lxwang@ipe.ac.cn。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2022YFC3902505);国家重点研发计划(2024YFB4105902);国家自然科学基金(22208351);国家自然科学基金(22161142006);国家自然科学基金(51876212)

Numerical simulation of coal pyrolysis with different moisture content in fixed-bed reactor

WANG Lanxin¹^,²(), LI Fei²^,³(), QIAN Yanan⁴, TIAN Yujie²(), SHEN Jun¹, WANG Wei²^,³

^1.College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
^2.State Key Laboratory of Mesoscience and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
^3.School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
^4.National Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety, SINOPEC Research Institute of Safety Engineering Co. , Ltd. , Qingdao 266000, Shandong, China

Received:2025-02-07 Revised:2025-05-12 Online:2025-08-25 Published:2025-09-08
Contact: LI Fei, TIAN Yujie

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用数值模拟技术，深入探讨了固定床反应器中不同水分质量分数对煤热解特性的影响。采用双流体模型结合Zehner-Bauer-Schlunder（ZBS）气固相间导热模型、Breitbach-Barthels（B-B）辐射模型、相变模型、煤热解平行反应动力学模型和焦油二次裂解模型，模拟了煤在固定床反应器中的传热、传质及热解反应过程，分析了不同水分质量分数对煤热解产物生成的影响。模拟结果表明，不同径向位置挥发分生成速率最大时对应的温度都接近热解终温。水分质量分数影响了反应器内的温度分布、挥发分生成速率以及各热解产物的产率。随水分质量分数的增加，煤层升温速度减慢，煤层中心达到热解温度的时间显著延长，热解过程推迟，降低了热解效率。同时，高水分煤的热解产物总体生成速率也有所下降，尤其是挥发分的生成受到了抑制。此外，水分质量分数的增加影响了各热解产物的产率：热解气和热解水的产率上升，焦油和半焦的产率下降。该研究得到了含水率对煤热解行为的影响规律，为优化煤热解工艺、提高煤炭转化效率提供了理论依据。

关键词: 煤热解, 含水率, 反应动力学, 数值模拟

Abstract:

This study utilized numerical simulation techniques to investigate the pyrolysis characteristics of coal with varying moisture content in an externally-heated fixed-bed reactor. The two-fluid model was combined with Zehner-Bauer-Schlunder (ZBS) thermal conductivity model, Breitbach-Barthels (B-B) radiation model, phase transformation model, parallel reaction kinetics model of coal pyrolysis and secondary pyrolysis model of tar, to simulate the heat transfer, mass transfer and pyrolysis processes of coal in a fixed bed reactor. The effects of different moisture content on the generation of coal pyrolysis products were analyzed. The results showed that the temperature approached terminal pyrolysis temperature when the volatilization rate reached maximum at different radial position. The water content affected the temperature distribution, the rate of volatilization and the yield of pyrolysis products in the reactor. With the increase of moisture content, the heating rate of coal seam slowed down, the time for coal seam center to reach the pyrolysis temperature was significantly extended, the pyrolysis process was delayed, and the ^{pyrolysis efficiency was reduced. At the same time, the overall generation rate of pyrolysis products of high-moisture coal also decreased, especially the generation of volatiles was inhibited. In addition, the increase of moisture content affected the yield of each pyrolysis product. The yield of pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis water increased, while the yield of tar and semi-coke decreased. This study obtained the law of the influence of moisture content on coal pyrolysis behavior, which provided a theoretical basis for optimizing coal pyrolysis process for further improving coal conversion efficiency.}

Key words: coal pyrolysis, moisture content, reaction kinetics, numerical simulation

中图分类号:

TQ021.1

王蓝欣, 李飞, 钱亚男, 田于杰, 申峻, 王维. 固定床反应器不同水分煤热解数值模拟[J]. 化工进展, 2025, 44(8): 4513-4525.

WANG Lanxin, LI Fei, QIAN Yanan, TIAN Yujie, SHEN Jun, WANG Wei. Numerical simulation of coal pyrolysis with different moisture content in fixed-bed reactor[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2025, 44(8): 4513-4525.

图/表 23

图1 反应器[8]以及二维结构网格划分示意图

表1 构体尺寸

反应器构体	尺寸/mm
反应器总高	250
反应器筒体直径	100
出口直径	32
出口高度	35
锥体高度	65

表2 模拟设置

参数	数值
颗粒粒径/mm	2
初始温度/K	300
初始空隙率	0.4
煤层高度/mm	150
加热壁面温度/K	1173
其他壁面温度	绝热
出口	压力出口
动量、能量及DO辐射方程离散	二阶迎风差分格式
质量守恒方程离散	QUICK
时间步长/s	0.1
最大迭代次数	20
收敛标准	10^-3

图2 煤层中心处温度变化模拟结果与实验数据的对比

图3 各模型及参数敏感性分析

图4 距壁面40mm处各热解气体产物生成速率

图5 反应器内煤样质量变化

图6 反应器出口处各气体产物的质量分数

图7 模拟与实验产率对比

图8 不同加热时刻下的空隙率云图

图9 不同加热时刻挥发分速度流线图

图10 床层中心处不同水分煤的升温曲线

图11 煤层中心水分质量分数随时间的变化曲线

图12 不同加热时刻固定床纵截面的含水量分布（煤水分质量分数4.61%）

图13 不同径向位置处不同水分煤挥发分生成速率随时间变化、最大挥发分生成速率出现时间随径向位置变化及最大挥发分生成速率随时间变化

图14 水分质量分数4.61%时不同径向位置处挥发分生成速率与温度、升温速率关系曲线

图15 距壁面20mm处挥发性产物的生成强度随时间变化及时间归一化图

图16 距壁面40mm处挥发性产物生成强度随时间变化及时间归一化图

图17 距壁面40mm处不同含水率煤挥发分生成速率最大时的空隙率云图

图18 出口处各水分煤的挥发性产物质量分数监测曲线

表3 各含水率煤热解产物分布的预测结果

含水率/%	产率/%
含水率/%	焦油	热解气	H₂O	半焦
0.41	6.08	13.08	8.82	72.02
3.51	5.98	13.81	8.86	71.36
7.98	5.92	14.55	9.04	70.49
11.68	5.90	14.78	9.38	69.93

图19 不同水分煤热解产物的产率

图20 距壁面10mm处不同含水率煤挥发分生成速率最大时轴向速度分布

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固定床反应器不同水分煤热解数值模拟

Numerical simulation of coal pyrolysis with different moisture content in fixed-bed reactor

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