用于高性能全聚合物太阳能电池的区域规整的聚小分子受体研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2024-0743

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

聚小分子受体（PSMAs）由于其既保留了稠环小分子受体（SMAs）的优点，又具有聚合物良好的成膜性能和光辐照稳定性而受到越来越多的关注。但目前大多数PSMAs是区域无规的，这不仅对PSMAs的批间重复性产生负面影响，还会扰乱了分子构型和电子结构，从而影响了分子间的π堆积，进一步导致其迁移率显著降低。近年来，研究者们通过核心工程、端基工程、连接单元调整和侧链工程等策略设计合成了许多区域规整的PSMAs，光电转换效率（PCEs）得到明显提升。本文综述了用于高性能全聚合物太阳能电池（all-PSCs）的区域规整的PSMAs的最新研究进展。未来通过核心工程、端基工程、连接单元调整和侧链工程等策略进行合理的分子结构设计，合成新的区域规整的PSMAs，搭配合适的给体材料并通过器件工艺优化可以实现更高的PCEs。

关键词: 全聚合物太阳能电池, 聚合物, 聚小分子受体, 区域规整, 光电转换效率, 再生能源

Abstract:

Polymerized small molecular acceptors (PSMAs) have received increasing attention as they preserve the merits of fused ring small molecule acceptors (SMAs) and the good film-forming properties and light-irradiation stability of polymers. However, most of the PSMAs are regiorandom at present, which would not only negatively affect the batch-to-batch reproducibility of PSMAs, but also would disturbs the molecular configuration and electronic structure, and affect the intermolecular π-stacking, resulting in a significant decrease in its mobility. In recent years, researchers have designed and synthesized many regioregular PSMAs through strategies such as core engineering, terminal group engineering, linkage unit modulation and side chain engineering, and the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) have been significantly improved. In this paper, the research progresses of regioregular PSMAs in high-performance all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs) in recent years were reviewed. It was believed that in the future, higher PCE can be achieved through synthesis of new PSMAs with reasonable molecular structure design by strategies of core engineering, terminal group engineering, linkage unit modulation and side chain engineering together with appropriate donor materials and device process optimization.

Key words: all-polymer solar cells, polymers, polymerized small-molecule acceptors, regioregular, power conversion efficiencies, renewable energy

中图分类号:

TQ06

王于华, 周雪, 谷传涛. 用于高性能全聚合物太阳能电池的区域规整的聚小分子受体研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2024, 43(S1): 391-402.

WANG Yuhua, ZHOU Xue, GU Chuantao. Recent advances in regioregular polymerized small-molecule acceptors for high-performance all-polymer solar cells[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2024, 43(S1): 391-402.

图/表 8

参考文献 62

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区域规整	区域无规	受体	给体	V_OC/V	E_loss/eV	J_SC/mA∙cm^-2	FF	PCE/%	参考文献
	√	PYT	PBDB-T	0.892	0.58	20.8	0.696	12.9	[5]
	√	PZT	PBDB-T	0.909	0.52	23.2	0.686	14.5	[5]
√		PZT-γ	PBDB-T	0.896	0.51	24.7	0.713	15.8	[5]
√		PYT-2S	PM6	0.941	0.523	22.3	0.707	14.8	[40]
√		PYT-1S1Se	PM6	0.926	0.502	24.1	0.730	16.3	[40]
√		PYT-2Se	PM6	0.908	0.510	23.9	0.714	15.5	[40]

区域规整	区域无规	受体	给体	V_OC/V	E_loss/eV	J_SC/mA∙cm^-2	FF	PCE/%	参考文献
	√	PYT	PBDB-T	0.892	0.58	20.8	0.696	12.9	[5]
	√	PZT	PBDB-T	0.909	0.52	23.2	0.686	14.5	[5]
√		PZT-γ	PBDB-T	0.896	0.51	24.7	0.713	15.8	[5]
√		PYT-2S	PM6	0.941	0.523	22.3	0.707	14.8	[40]
√		PYT-1S1Se	PM6	0.926	0.502	24.1	0.730	16.3	[40]
√		PYT-2Se	PM6	0.908	0.510	23.9	0.714	15.5	[40]

区域规整	区域无规	受体	给体	V_OC/V	E_loss/eV	J_SC/mA∙cm^-2	FF	PCE/%	参考文献
√		PBI-α	PM6	0.930	—	19.0	0.646	11.4	[34]
√		PBI-β	PM6	1.030	—	16.1	0.684	11.3	[34]
√		PY-IT	PM6	0.933	—	22.30	0.723	15.05	[4]
√		PY-OT	PM6	0.954	—	16.82	0.626	10.04	[4]
	√	PY-IOT	PM6	0.939	—	19.71	0.656	12.12	[4]
√		PY-IT	PQM-Cl	0.920	—	24.3	0.807	18.0	[30]
√		PY-IT	PQB-2	0.942	—	24.2	0.795	18.1	[28]
√		PY-IT	PBDB-TF	0.941	0.549	23.4	0.757	16.7	[29]
√		PY-IT	PBQx-TF	0.925	0.564	23.8	0.772	17.0	[29]
	√	PYF-T	PM6	0.891	0.53	23.1	0.680	14.0	[6]
√		PYF-T-o	PM6	0.901	0.52	23.3	0.724	15.2	[6]
	√	PY-T	PM6	0.93	0.53	21.30	0.674	13.37	[43]
√		PY2F-T	PM6	0.86	0.52	24.27	0.726	15.22	[43]

区域规整	区域无规	受体	给体	V_OC/V	E_loss/eV	J_SC/mA∙cm^-2	FF	PCE/%	参考文献
√		PBI-α	PM6	0.930	—	19.0	0.646	11.4	[34]
√		PBI-β	PM6	1.030	—	16.1	0.684	11.3	[34]
√		PY-IT	PM6	0.933	—	22.30	0.723	15.05	[4]
√		PY-OT	PM6	0.954	—	16.82	0.626	10.04	[4]
	√	PY-IOT	PM6	0.939	—	19.71	0.656	12.12	[4]
√		PY-IT	PQM-Cl	0.920	—	24.3	0.807	18.0	[30]
√		PY-IT	PQB-2	0.942	—	24.2	0.795	18.1	[28]
√		PY-IT	PBDB-TF	0.941	0.549	23.4	0.757	16.7	[29]
√		PY-IT	PBQx-TF	0.925	0.564	23.8	0.772	17.0	[29]
	√	PYF-T	PM6	0.891	0.53	23.1	0.680	14.0	[6]
√		PYF-T-o	PM6	0.901	0.52	23.3	0.724	15.2	[6]
	√	PY-T	PM6	0.93	0.53	21.30	0.674	13.37	[43]
√		PY2F-T	PM6	0.86	0.52	24.27	0.726	15.22	[43]

区域规整	区域无规	受体	给体	V_OC/V	E_loss/eV	J_SC/mA∙cm^-2	FF	PCE/%	参考文献
	√	PZ1	PBDB-T	0.830	—	16.05	0.690	9.19	[22]
√		PBTIC-γ-2F2T	PM6	0.95	0.560	22.56	0.669	14.34	[35]
	√	PBTIC-m-2F2T	PM6	0.99	0.528	9.72	0.338	3.26	[35]
√		PBTIC-γ-2T	PM6	0.95	0.569	20.85	0.602	11.92	[35]
√		Y5-Se-Out	PBDB-T	0.88	0.569	16.09	0.56	7.92	[44]
	√	Y5-Se-Mix	PBDB-T	0.89	—	17.95	0.58	9.33	[44]
√		Y5-Se-In	PBDB-T	0.86	0.588	21.74	0.72	13.38	[44]
√		Y5-BiSe-Out	PBDB-T	0.92	0.559	18.12	0.66	10.67	[44]
	√	Y5-BiSe-Mix	PBDB-T	0.92	—	17.44	0.60	9.58	[44]
√		Y5-BiSe-In	PBDB-T	0.86	0.597	16.54	0.59	8.52	[44]
√		PY-V-γ	PM6	0.912	0.54	24.8	0.758	17.1	[41]
√		PY-T-γ	PM6	0.929	0.55	24.1	0.719	16.1	[41]
√		PY-2T-γ	PM6	0.933	0.56	23.5	0.699	15.3	[41]
	√	L14	PM6	0.953	—	21.12	0.716	14.41	[45]
√		L15	PM6	0.953	—	22.21	0.719	15.22	[45]