同步硝化反硝化除磷颗粒污泥的快速启动与强化

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2024-0789

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了探究同步硝化反硝化除磷颗粒污泥系统的快速启动，本研究首先通过饥饿-饱食、逐步缩短沉淀时间的培养方式进行污泥造粒；其次通过定期投加30mg/L的NO₂^--N，提供高浓度亚硝酸盐环境以强化氮磷去除；最后进一步提高系统氮负荷，考察其运行氮磷去除效率。系统在28天的培养下实现污泥快速颗粒化，MLSS稳定在5.6~6.2g/L，SVI₃₀/SVI₅达到0.96，颗粒沉降性能良好。通过亚硝酸盐强化，系统厌氧释磷量从3.51mg/L提升至29.4mg/L，同时NOB活性被抑制，实现短程硝化反硝化除磷。系统在C/N/P质量比为420/80/10的条件下，实现了99.85%的总氮去除与99.43%的磷去除。微生物群落分析表示在该启动策略下Acinetobacter菌属占据主导地位。

关键词: 同步硝化反硝化, 强化除磷, 颗粒污泥, 微生物群落, 亚硝酸盐

Abstract:

In order to explore the rapid start-up of simultaneous nitrification-denitrification phosphorus removal granular sludge system, this study first cultivated sludge granulation through starvation-repletion and gradually shortened sedimentation time. By regularly adding 30 mg/L NO₂^--N, a high concentration of nitrite environment was provided to enhance nitrogen and phosphorus removal. The nitrogen load of the system was further increased to examine its nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency. The system achieved rapid sludge granulation after 28 days of cultivation, with MLSS stabilized at 5.6—6.2g/L and SVI₃₀/SVI₅ reaching 0.96, indicating good particle settling performance. Through nitrite enhancement, the anaerobic phosphorus release of the system increased from 3.51mg/L to 29.4mg/L, while NOB activity was inhibited, achieving short-cut nitrification-denitrification phosphorus removal. Under the condition of C/N/P=420/80/10(w/w/w), the system achieved 99.85% total nitrogen removal and 99.43% phosphorus removal. Microbial community analysis revealed that the genus Acinetobacter predominated under this initiation strategy

Key words: simultaneous nitrification-denitrification, enhanced biological phosphorus removal, granular sludge, microbial community, nitrite

中图分类号:

X703

解舒婷, 代伟. 同步硝化反硝化除磷颗粒污泥的快速启动与强化[J]. 化工进展, 2024, 43(10): 5976-5983.

XIE Shuting, DAI Wei. Rapid start-up and enhancement of simultaneous nitrification-denitrification phosphorus removal granular sludge[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2024, 43(10): 5976-5983.

图/表 10

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运行天数/d	沉降时间/min
1~2	20
3~7	15
8~12	10
13~17	8
18~22	6
23~27	4
28~82	2

运行天数/d	沉降时间/min
1~2	20
3~7	15
8~12	10
13~17	8
18~22	6
23~27	4
28~82	2

阶段	运行模式	COD/mg·L^-1	NH₄⁺-N/mg·L^-1	NO₂^--N/mg·L^-1	PO₄^3--P/mg·L^-1	NaHCO₃/mg·L^-1	MgSO₄/mg·L^-1	CaCl₂/mg·L^-1
第1~28天	An/O/A（正常）	420	60	0	10	650	15	10
第1~28天	An/O/A（饥饿）	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
第29~40天	An/O/A	420	60	0	10	650	15	10
第29~40天	An/A	420	0	30^①	10	650	15	10
第40~82天	An/O/A	420	80	0	10	650	15	10

阶段	运行模式	COD/mg·L^-1	NH₄⁺-N/mg·L^-1	NO₂^--N/mg·L^-1	PO₄^3--P/mg·L^-1	NaHCO₃/mg·L^-1	MgSO₄/mg·L^-1	CaCl₂/mg·L^-1
第1~28天	An/O/A（正常）	420	60	0	10	650	15	10
第1~28天	An/O/A（饥饿）	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
第29~40天	An/O/A	420	60	0	10	650	15	10
第29~40天	An/A	420	0	30^①	10	650	15	10
第40~82天	An/O/A	420	80	0	10	650	15	10

启动策略	颗粒化时间/d	污水类型	容积氮负荷/kg·m^-3·d^-1	污泥氮负荷/kg·kg^-1·d^-1	数据来源
饥饿-饱食缩短沉降时间	28	合成污水	0.160	0.027	本试验
缩短沉降时间	30	合成废水	0.040	0.009	[10]
接种驯化	50	锅炉废水	0.056	0.009	[16]
高有机负荷	60	合成废水	0.060	0.014	[29]
厌氧/好氧交替，碳源种类优化	40	合成废水	0.100	0.010	[30]