低强度超声波对高负荷厌氧氨氧化EGSB反应器运行性能的影响

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2023-0315

化工进展 ›› 2024, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (2): 1098-1108.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2023-0315

• 资源与环境化工 • 上一篇

低强度超声波对高负荷厌氧氨氧化EGSB反应器运行性能的影响

杨杰源¹(), 朱易春¹(), 赖雅芬¹, 张超¹, 田帅², 谢颖¹

^1.江西理工大学赣州市流域污染模拟与控制重点实验室，江西赣州 341000
^2.江西理工大学资源与环境工程学院，江西赣州 341000

收稿日期:2023-03-02 修回日期:2023-04-02 出版日期:2024-02-25 发布日期:2024-03-07
通讯作者: 朱易春
作者简介:杨杰源（1998—），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为污水生物处理技术。E-mail：1692065260@qq.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(52260004);江西省教育厅科技研究项目(GJJ210874);江西理工大学高层次人才科研启动项目(205200100642);江西省高层次高技能领军人才培养工程项目

Effect of low intensity ultrasound on operation performance of high load Anammox-EGSB reactor

YANG Jieyuan¹(), ZHU Yichun¹(), LAI Yafen¹, ZHANG Chao¹, TIAN Shuai², XIE Ying¹

^1.Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Basin Pollution Simulation and Control, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, China
^2.School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, China

Received:2023-03-02 Revised:2023-04-02 Online:2024-02-25 Published:2024-03-07
Contact: ZHU Yichun

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

研究了低强度超声波对厌氧氨氧化EGSB反应器处理无机高氨氮废水的影响，考察了超声波处理对反应器脱氮性能、厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥特征、胞外聚合物以及微生物菌群的变化情况。结果表明，低强度超声波可提高厌氧氨氧化反应器脱氮效能，在进水氮负荷为6.03kg N/(m³·d)时，总氮去除率提高了11.40%，抵抗氮负荷冲击能力也得到了增强。周期性超声波辐照后，颗粒污泥粒径维持在1.0~1.5mm，有利于改善传质效率，提升厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥活性和减少颗粒漂浮。污泥EPS总量有显著增加，其中紧密结合型胞外聚合物（TB-EPS）增加较为明显，有助于维持颗粒污泥的结构稳定性。污泥表面官能团种类不变，但羟基、羧基、氨基等基团有所增多。颗粒污泥的比厌氧氨氧化活性提高了33.2%，通过简化的Gompertz方程模型发现超声组的厌氧氨氧化菌生长速率（0.0127d^-1）高于对照组（0.0107d^-1）。高通量测序显示，超声波促进了厌氧氨氧化菌及其共生菌，其中Candidatus Brocadia提升了22.03%。同时严重抑制了部分反硝化细菌，使厌氧氨氧化菌的底物和生存空间更加充足。

关键词: 低强度超声波, 厌氧氨氧化, 颗粒污泥, 微生物群落, 氮负荷

Abstract:

The effect of low intensity ultrasound on the treatment of high-ammonia-nitrogen wastewater by Anammox-EGSB reactor was studied. The effects of ultrasound treatment on the nitrogen removal performance of the reactor, characteristics of Anammox granular sludge, extracellular polymer and microbial flora were investigated. The results showed that low intensity ultrasound could improve the nitrogen removal efficiency of Anammox reactor, and the nitrogen load of influent was 6.03kg N/(m³·d), the total nitrogen removal rate of ultrasonic group was increased by 11.40%, and the impact resistance of nitrogen load was also enhanced. After periodic ultrasonic irradiation, the particle size of granular sludge was maintained at 1.0—1.5mm, which was beneficial to improve mass transfer efficiency, enhance the activity of Anammox granular sludge and reduce particle floating. The total amount of EPS of sludge in ultrasonic group increased significantly, and the increase of TB-EPS was more obvious, which was helpful to maintain the structural stability of granular sludge. The types of functional groups on the sludge surface remained unchanged, but the groups such as hydroxyl, carboxyl, and amino groups increased. The specific Anammox activity of granular sludge increased by 33.2%. Through the simplified Gompertz equation model, it was found that the growth rate of Anammox bacteria in the ultrasonic group (0.0127d^-1) was higher than that in the control group (0.0107d^-1). High-throughput sequencing showed that ultrasound promoted Anammox bacteria and their symbiotic bacteria, among which Candidatus Brocadia increased by 22.03%. At the same time, some denitrifying bacteria were seriously inhibited, so that the substrate and living space of Anammox bacteria were more sufficient.

Key words: low intensity ultrasound, Anammox, granular sludge, microbial community, nitrogen load

中图分类号:

X703.1

杨杰源, 朱易春, 赖雅芬, 张超, 田帅, 谢颖. 低强度超声波对高负荷厌氧氨氧化EGSB反应器运行性能的影响[J]. 化工进展, 2024, 43(2): 1098-1108.

YANG Jieyuan, ZHU Yichun, LAI Yafen, ZHANG Chao, TIAN Shuai, XIE Ying. Effect of low intensity ultrasound on operation performance of high load Anammox-EGSB reactor[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2024, 43(2): 1098-1108.

图/表 13

图1 实验所使用的Anammox-EGSB反应器

表1 反应器运行工况

阶段	运行时间 /d	进水NH₄⁺-N /mg·L^-1	进水NO₂⁻-N /mg·L^-1	水力停留时间/h	NLR /kg N·m^-3·d^-1
Ⅰ	1~40	200	240	3.5	3.01
Ⅱ	41~68	250	300	3.5	3.77
Ⅲ	69~92	300	360	3.5	4.52
Ⅳ	93~117	400	480	3.5	6.03

图2 不同氮负荷下Anammox-EGSB工艺脱氮性能的变化情况

图3 不同阶段Anammox-EGSB反应器厌氧氨氧化污泥浓度的变化情况（SS表示悬浮物）

图4 各阶段稳定运行时反应器厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥粒径分布情况

图5 超声波处理对不同分层EPS含量的影响

表2 超声波处理对EPS的含量和成分的影响 (mg/g VSS)

污泥样品	LB-PN	LB-PS	TB-PN	TB-PS	T-PN	T-PS
R_C	40.24±0.06	26.25±1.52	7.18±0.76	15.33±0.35	48.00±0.82	42.75±1.17
R_U	45.08±0.24	24.20±1.03	17.19±0.79	15.17±0.04	62.27±1.03	39.37±0.99

表3 不同厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥样品的zeta电位和接触角

污泥样品	zeta电位/mV	接触角/(°)
R_C	-18.73±0.90	82.9
R_U	-20.5±0.67	60.5

图6 不同类型EPS的三维荧光光谱

图7 厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥的红外光谱图

图8 厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥的活性变化情况

表4 不同厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥样品的Alpha多样性数据统计表

污泥样品	SeqNum	OTUs	Shannon	chao1	Ace	Simpson	Shannoneven	Coverage
R_C	87201	197	2.439	201.58	201.222	0.285	0.462	0.9998
R_U	62883	171	1.531	177.00	177.240	0.557	0.298	0.9997

图9 低强度超声波对污泥厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥的菌落结构影响

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低强度超声波对高负荷厌氧氨氧化EGSB反应器运行性能的影响

Effect of low intensity ultrasound on operation performance of high load Anammox-EGSB reactor

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