海水基MoS2/SiC二元纳米流体摩擦学特性

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2024-0736

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为解决海水液压传动介质存在的腐蚀和抗磨减摩性差等问题，向海水基载液中分散纳米材料改善其理化性质。以海水为基础液，硅烷偶联剂（KH550）表面改性SiC纳米颗粒和MoS₂纳米片为分散相，制备海水基SiC、MoS₂以及MoS₂/SiC二元纳米流体，采用场发扫描电镜和红外光谱分析纳米材料微观结构及改性情况，通过直接观察法和失重法评估纳米流体的分散稳定性及腐蚀速率，从多角度对纳米流体的摩擦学特性进行研究，并探究其润滑机理。结果表明：在KH550修饰后，选择羧甲基纤维素钠（CMC-Na）作为表面活性剂，MoS₂与SiC质量比为1∶2的纳米流体表现出最优的分散稳定性；SiC和MoS₂的加入能在铜片表面形成保护膜，降低海水的腐蚀速率；摩擦磨损实验数据表明，MoS₂与SiC质量比为1∶2的纳米流体平均摩擦系数最优为0.119，且瞬时摩擦系数平滑，测试钢球表面磨痕直径为1.88mm，质量磨损率为0.0223g/(N·cm²)，相较于一元MoS₂和SiC纳米流体分别降低了22.9%和69.7%；通过XPS对磨痕表面元素化学状态分析，表明MoS₂与SiC协同参与磨痕表面的摩擦反应，在摩擦基底形成复合润滑膜，具有高效协同润滑作用。

关键词: 水液压技术, 液压传动介质, 纳米流体, 分散稳定性, 摩擦学性能

Abstract:

In order to solve the problems of corrosion and poor anti-wear and friction reduction of seawater hydraulic transmission media, nanomaterials were dispersed into seawater-based carrier fluid to improve its physicochemical properties. The seawater-based SiC, MoS₂ and MoS₂/SiC binary nanofluids were prepared using seawater as the base fluid and silane coupler (KH550) surface-modified SiC nanoparticles and MoS₂ nanosheets as the dispersed phases. The microstructure of the nanomaterials and modification were analyzed by field-emission scanning electron microscopy and infrared spectroscopy, the dispersion stability and corrosion rate were evaluated by the direct observation method and the weightlessness method, and the tribological properties were investigated from multiple angles. The dispersion stability and corrosion rate of the nanofluids were evaluated by direct observation and weight loss methods, the tribological properties of the nanofluids were investigated from multiple perspectives and the lubrication mechanism was also investigated. The results showed that after KH550 modification and carboxymethylcellulose sodium (CMC-Na) as the surfactant, the nanofluid with a MoS₂/SiC mass ratio of 1∶2 exhibited optimal dispersive stability. the incorporation of SiC and MoS₂ could form a protective film on the surface of the copper sheet and reduce the corrosion rate of seawater. The data of friction and wear experiments indicated that the nanofluid with a MoS₂/SiC mass ratio of 1∶2 had the best dispersive stability and the corrosion rate of the copper sheet. 1∶2 nanofluid with an optimal average friction coefficient of 0.119 and a smooth instantaneous friction coefficient, the diameter of the surface abrasion mark on the test steel ball was 1.88mm and the mass wear rate was 0.0223g/(N·cm²), which was reduced by 22.9% and 69.7% compared with the monolithic MoS₂ and SiC nanofluids, respectively. The analysis of the elemental chemical state on the surface of the abrasion mark and the wear mark surface by XPS showed that MoS₂ and SiC synergistically participated in the friction reaction on the wear mark surface and formed a composite lubrication film on the friction substrate, which had an efficient synergistic lubrication effect.

Key words: water hydraulics, hydraulic transmission media, nanofluid, dispersion stability, tribological properties

中图分类号:

TB34

李翔, 吴张永, 蒋佳骏, 朱启晨, 龚湫. 海水基MoS₂/SiC二元纳米流体摩擦学特性[J]. 化工进展, 2025, 44(7): 4050-4060.

LI Xiang, WU Zhangyong, JIANG Jiajun, ZHU Qichen, GONG Qiu. Tribological properties of seawater-based MoS₂/SiC binary nanofluids[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2025, 44(7): 4050-4060.

图/表 15

图1 纳米流体的制备

图2 纳米材料SEM图

图3 纳米材料及其改性前后红外光谱图

图4 不同表面活性剂的二元纳米流体稳定系数（14天）

图5 不同质量比的纳米流体稳定系数（14天）

表1 纳米流体的稳定系数（10天）

纳米流体	摩擦测试前	摩擦测试后	幅度/%	超声搅拌1h	超声搅拌2h
MoS₂	0.69	0.58	-15.9%	0.62	0.66
SiC	0.82	0.79	-3.66%	0.8	0.82
2∶1	0.84	0.81	-3.57%	0.82	0.83
1∶1	0.91	0.87	-4.4%	0.9	0.9
1∶2	0.93	0.89	-4.3%	0.91	0.92

图6 质量比对纳米流体铜片腐蚀速率的影响

图7 不同含盐量的纳米流体铜片腐蚀速率

表2 不同质量比纳米流体平均摩擦系数

流体类别	平均摩擦系数
SiC	0.154
MoS₂	0.122
2∶1	0.143
1∶1	0.135
1∶2	0.119

图8 不同质量比纳米流体摩擦系数

图9 不同质量比的纳米流体质量磨损率

图10 不同纳米流体磨痕二维轮廓

图11 钢球磨痕表面XPS分析

图12 MoS2/SiC纳米材料的SEM和Mapping图

图13 MoS2/SiC纳米流体润滑机理

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海水基MoS₂/SiC二元纳米流体摩擦学特性

Tribological properties of seawater-based MoS₂/SiC binary nanofluids

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