超疏水纳米涂层技术研究进展及应用

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2023-1179

化工进展 ›› 2024, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (8): 4450-4463.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2023-1179

• 材料科学与技术 • 上一篇

超疏水纳米涂层技术研究进展及应用

任国瑜¹^,²(), 妥云¹, 郑文杰¹, 谯泽庭², 任壮壮², 赵娅莉², 尚军飞², 陈晓东¹, 高祥虎³

^1.榆林学院化学与化工学院，陕西榆林 719000
^2.陕西榆能精细化工材料有限公司，陕西榆林 719000
^3.中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所清洁能源化学与材料实验室，甘肃兰州 730000

收稿日期:2023-07-11 修回日期:2023-09-13 出版日期:2024-08-15 发布日期:2024-09-02
通讯作者: 任国瑜
作者简介:任国瑜（1986—），女，博士，副教授，研究方向为过程强化和材料合成技术。E-mail：625503913@qq.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(21968036);榆林学院校内配套经费项目(22RCXM02);榆林市高新区产学研项目(CXY2021-12);榆林市科技局产学研项目(CXY2022-80);中国科学院洁净能源创新研究院-榆林学院联合基金(YLU-DNL2022005)

Research progress and application of superhydrophobic nano-coating technology

REN Guoyu¹^,²(), TUO Yun¹, ZHENG Wenjie¹, QIAO Zeting², REN Zhuangzhuang², ZHAO Yali², SHANG Junfei², CHEN Xiaodong¹, GAO Xianghu³

^1.College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yulin University, Yulin 719000, Shaanxi, China
^2.Shaanxi Yuneng Fine Chemical Materials Co. , Ltd. , Yulin 719000, Shaanxi, China
^3.Laboratory of Clean Energy Chemistry and Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China

Received:2023-07-11 Revised:2023-09-13 Online:2024-08-15 Published:2024-09-02
Contact: REN Guoyu

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

受自然界荷叶、玫瑰花瓣等植物超疏水现象启发，超疏水涂层在自清洁、油水分离、防冰等领域被广泛应用。然而，传统超疏水涂层依赖于其表面微观粗糙结构和特殊涂层材料，制备工艺复杂，耐久性差，防腐蚀性能不足。超疏水纳米涂层由于其独特的形貌和功能，使超疏水涂层变得多功能、通用、耐用、高效。本文综述了近些年来不同纳米材料超疏水涂层的设计与制备，针对不同超疏水纳米涂层的优缺点进行了评述，并简述了其在各个领域的潜在应用，如防菌、传感器、微流体、催化等。最后，本文指出了关于使用纳米技术的超疏水涂层的最新发展和未来趋势，通过对其新颖的制备策略和对其独特性质的研究为该领域的研究人员提供一定的理论和技术参考，推进超疏水纳米涂层在诸多领域的应用。

关键词: 粗糙结构, 超疏水纳米涂层, 耐久性, 防腐蚀, 纳米材料, 传感器, 微流体, 催化

Abstract:

Inspired by natural phenomena such as the lotus leaf and rose petal, superhydrophobic coatings have found widespread applications in areas such as self-cleaning, oil-water separation and anti-icing. However, traditional superhydrophobic coatings rely on surface microscale roughness and specialized coating materials, resulting in complex fabrication processes, poor durability and inadequate corrosion resistance. In contrast, superhydrophobic nano-coatings, due to their unique morphology and functionality, offer multifunctionality, universality, durability and high efficiency. This article provided an overview of the design and fabrication of superhydrophobic nano-coatings using various nanomaterials in recent years. It evaluated the strengths and weaknesses of different superhydrophobic nano-coatings and briefly outlined their potential applications in various fields, such as antimicrobial surfaces, sensors, microfluidics, catalysis and more. Finally, the article presented the latest developments and future trends in the use of nanotechnology for superhydrophobic coatings. By exploring innovative fabrication strategies and investigating the unique properties of these coatings, this review aimed to provide researchers in the field with valuable theoretical and technical insights, promoting the widespread application of superhydrophobic nano-coatings across multiple domains.

Key words: rough structure, superhydrophobic nanocoating, durability, corrosion resistance, nanomaterials, sensors, microfluidics, catalysis

中图分类号:

TQ630.1

任国瑜, 妥云, 郑文杰, 谯泽庭, 任壮壮, 赵娅莉, 尚军飞, 陈晓东, 高祥虎. 超疏水纳米涂层技术研究进展及应用[J]. 化工进展, 2024, 43(8): 4450-4463.

REN Guoyu, TUO Yun, ZHENG Wenjie, QIAO Zeting, REN Zhuangzhuang, ZHAO Yali, SHANG Junfei, CHEN Xiaodong, GAO Xianghu. Research progress and application of superhydrophobic nano-coating technology[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2024, 43(8): 4450-4463.

图/表 12

图1 超疏水性涂层水滴

图2 自然界超疏水现象

图3 超疏水悬浮液和半透明超疏水涂层的制备过程示意图

图4 超疏水抗菌纺织品的制造示意图

图 5 CeO2/ZnO 纳米管阵列的合成过程示意图

图6 不锈钢网表面构建超疏水ZnO纳米复合材料的设计策略示意图

图7 超疏水涂层制备工艺示意图

图8 超疏水表面的制造

图9 MWCNTs/环氧纳米复合涂层的制备方法示意图

图10 MWCNTs/环氧纳米复合涂层的制备方法示意图

图11 用PDMS包覆石墨烯片、纳米和微米级二氧化硅颗粒组成的多功能超疏水表面的制备示意图

图12 ODA-rGO荷叶状表面的制造工艺示意图

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超疏水纳米涂层技术研究进展及应用

Research progress and application of superhydrophobic nano-coating technology

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