电催化析氢催化剂研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-0763

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

氢能热值高和环境友好性强等特点使其成为未来能源界最具发展潜力的能源之一。电催化析氢反应（hydrogen evolution reaction，HER）作为一种绿色、可持续的产氢方法成为近年来广泛研究的主题。发展高性能、低成本、高活性的析氢催化剂是目前该领域面临的主要挑战。本文总结了近年来高性能催化剂用于HER反应的进展，重点介绍HER反应的基本原理，评估HER催化剂催化性能的典型方法，过渡金属以及化合物、非金属催化剂以及单原子催化剂等电催化析氢催化剂的最新研究进展，系统讨论了催化活性与催化剂形态、结构、组成和合成方法之间的联系，并对催化剂的合成策略、活性位点的固有活性、如何提高活性中心的内在活性和活性位点的数量进行了展望。

关键词: 电催化剂, 析氢反应, 过渡金属, 非金属催化剂, 单原子催化剂

Abstract:

Hydrogen energy is currently recognized as one of the renewable clean energy sources in the world, and it is the main substitute for fossil fuels in the future energy supply. As a green and sustainable hydrogen production method, electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction has become the subject of extensive research in recent years. The development of high-performance, low-cost and high-activity hydrogen evolution catalysts is currently the main challenge. This article summarized the progress of high-performance catalysts used in the HER reaction in recent years that focused on the basic principle of the HER reaction, parameters that determined the HER performance, various kinds of transition metals and compounds, non-metal catalysts, single-atom catalysts and other electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution catalysts. The relationship between the catalytic activity and the different morphology, unique structure, chemical composition and synthesis method of the catalyst was also disscussed. Moreover, the synthesis strategy, the intrinsic activity of increasing active sites and the amount of active sites that influenced the catalytic activity were also reviewed.

Key words: electrocatalyst, hydrogen evolution reaction, transition metals, non-metal catalysts, single-atom catalysts

中图分类号:

TQ151

王春霞, 宋兆毅, 倪基平, 潘宗卫, 黄国勇. 电催化析氢催化剂研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40(10): 5523-5534.

WANG Chunxia, SONG Zhaoyi, NI Jiping, PAN Zongwei, HUANG Guoyong. Progress of electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction catalysts[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2021, 40(10): 5523-5534.

图/表 9

图1 在两种不同介质中HER电催化的机理

图2 在Langmuir吸附模型的假设下j0和?GH*之间的关系

图3 MoS2、MoS2/RGO、CoS2/RGO、CoS2@MoS2和CoS2@MoS2/RGO处氢吸附的优化结构[23]

图4 Ni‐GF/VC的合成路线[31]

图5 MoP@NCHSs-900的合成路线[33]

图6 氮掺杂石墨烯/碳纳米管复合材料[47]

图7 Pt-GDY1和Pt-GDY2的合成与表征[71]

图8 Pt1/OLC催化剂的制备以及形貌表征[73]

图9 A-Ni@DG的制备和表征[80]

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