燃煤电厂脱硫废水处理技术研究与应用进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2016.01.035

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 综述了脱硫废水的水质特点、水质影响因素、各项脱硫废水处理技术的特点,指出了脱硫废水处理技术的发展方向。介绍了脱硫废水的水质主要受煤质、石灰石品质、脱硫系统的设计及运行等因素的影响,脱硫废水的处理技术主要分为4类:传统工艺,如化学沉淀法;深度处理工艺,如生物处理法;零排放技术,如烟道蒸发;其他技术,如蒸汽浓缩蒸发。由于脱硫废水的排放标准较低,除沉降池之外,各项技术都能使脱硫废水达标排放。目前,国内应用最多的处理技术是化学沉淀法,其技术成熟,能使脱硫废水达标排放,但存在对氯离子盐及硒、汞等去除效率不高的问题。通过对国内脱硫废水处理形势的分析,得出烟道蒸发技术有一定的潜力,其能实现脱硫废水的零排放,且具有运行成本低的优点,但可能存在增强系统腐蚀、影响飞灰利用等问题。

关键词: 电厂脱硫废水, 影响因素, 废水处理技术, 烟道蒸发

Abstract: Water quality and influence factors of flue gas desulfurization (FGD) wastewater and characteristics of treatment technologies were summarized. Future development of FGD wastewater treatment technologies was pointed out. Understanding the characteristics of FGD wastewater is critical to managing its impacts on wastewater system of power plant, the use of coal and limestone, as well as the design and operation of the scrubber. FGD wastewater treatment technologies are classified into four categories, namely, traditional treatment technologies, such as chemical precipitation, advanced treatment technologies, such as biological treatment, zero discharge technologies, such as evaporation treatment in flue duct and other technologies, such as vapor-compression evaporation, respectively. Because of the low discharge standard in China, all technologies except precipitation pond can meet the standard. Up till now, chemical precipitation, as a mature technology, is widely applied in many power plants, which can make FGD wastewater meet the discharge standard, but has low treatment efficiency on Cl^-、Hg and Se. By viewing the FGD wastewater treatment situation in China, evaporation treatment in flue duct, as zero discharge method, is considered a potential technology, which has low operating cost but has the possible problems of system corrosion and negative effect on fly ash reuse.

Key words: power plant FGD wastewater, affecting factors, wastewater treatment technologies, evaporation in flue duct

中图分类号:

X703

马双忱, 于伟静, 贾绍广, 柴峰, 张润盘. 燃煤电厂脱硫废水处理技术研究与应用进展[J]. 化工进展, 2016, 35(01): 255-262.

MA Shuangchen, YU Weijing, JIA Shaoguang, CHAI Feng, ZHANG Runpan. Research and application progresses of flue gas desulfurization (FGD) wastewater treatment technologies in coal-fired plants[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progree, 2016, 35(01): 255-262.

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