Preparation of sludge-sawdust-based activated carbon and its adsorption performance for benzene series VOCs

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2024-1144

Abstract

Abstract:

Co-pyrolysis of municipal sludge and sawdust was conducted, followed by activation modification using different activators (KOH, K₂CO₃) and various activation methods (ball milling activation, impregnation activation). A series of sludge-sawdust-based activated carbons were prepared, and the adsorption behavior of benzene-series VOCs on these prepared carbon materials was studied through adsorption experiments. The study found that all four types of sludge-sawdust-based activated carbons contained abundant microporous and mesoporous structures. Among them, KOH-ball- milling-modified co-pyrolysis carbon (H-SBBC) possessed the highest specific surface area (1640.21m²/g) and pore volume (1.0384cm³/g), with a surface exhibiting a honeycomb-like three-dimensional pore structure conducive to the adsorption of gaseous pollutants. The results of dynamic adsorption experiments showed that H-SBBC had the highest saturated adsorption capacities for toluene and p-xylene, being 270.80mg/g and 312.86mg/g, respectively. Its excellent adsorption performance stemmed from its developed pore structure and abundant surface functional groups. The static adsorption experiments indicated that the adsorption processes of toluene and p-xylene on H-SBBC conformed to the Langmuir-Freundlich (L-F) model, primarily involving physical adsorption, with H-SBBC showing higher affinity towards p-xylene. After six cycles, the adsorption capacities of H-SBBC for toluene and p-xylene remained above 85%, demonstrating good regeneration performance and high potential for industrial applications.

Key words: sludge, volatile organic compounds, co-pyrolysis, activation, adsorption

摘要：

将市政污泥与木屑共热解，采用不同活化剂（KOH、K₂CO₃）和不同活化方法（球磨活化、浸渍活化）将其活化改性，制备出一系列污泥-木屑基活性炭，并通过吸附实验研究苯系VOCs在所制备炭材料上的吸附行为。研究发现，所制备的4种污泥-木屑基活性炭均含有丰富的微孔和介孔结构，其中KOH球磨改性共热解炭（H-SBBC）拥有最高的比表面积（1640.21m²/g）和孔容（1.0384cm³/g），其表面呈现更利于气态污染物吸附的蜂窝状三维孔道结构。动态吸附实验结果显示，H-SBBC对甲苯和对二甲苯的饱和吸附容量最高，分别为270.80mg/g和312.86mg/g，其良好的吸附性能来源于发达的孔洞结构和丰富的表面官能团。静态吸附实验结果显示，甲苯和对二甲苯在H-SBBC上的吸附过程符合L-F模型，吸附过程以物理吸附为主，其中H-SBBC与对二甲苯的亲和力更高。H-SBBC在循环6次后，对甲苯和对二甲苯的吸附容量仍保持在85%以上，拥有良好的再生性能，具有较高的工业应用潜力。

关键词: 污泥, 挥发性有机化合物, 共热解, 活化, 吸附

CLC Number:

X705

REN Pengkun, ZHONG Zhaoping, ZHANG Xiaoni, YANG Yuxuan, RAN Zhenzhen. Preparation of sludge-sawdust-based activated carbon and its adsorption performance for benzene series VOCs[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2025, 44(6): 3031-3040.

任鹏锟, 仲兆平, 张小霓, 杨宇轩, 冉真真. 污泥-木屑基活性炭的制备及其对苯系VOCs的吸附性能[J]. 化工进展, 2025, 44(6): 3031-3040.

Figures/Tables 14

References 32

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样品	工业分析/%			元素分析/%
样品	灰分	挥发分	固定碳	C	H	O	N	S
市政污泥	58.58	38.42	3.00	15.22	3.61	17.22	2.17	3.20
松木屑	0.58	85.28	14.14	46.43	5.53	44.81	0.66	1.99

样品	工业分析/%			元素分析/%
样品	灰分	挥发分	固定碳	C	H	O	N	S
市政污泥	58.58	38.42	3.00	15.22	3.61	17.22	2.17	3.20
松木屑	0.58	85.28	14.14	46.43	5.53	44.81	0.66	1.99

样品	比表面积/m²·g^-1	微孔面积/m²·g^-1	孔容/cm³·g^-1	微孔孔容/cm³·g^-1	微孔率/%	平均孔径/nm
H-SBBC	1640.21	1542.63	1.0384	0.6695	64.47	2.5325
C-SBBC	1514.95	1427.85	0.9082	0.6073	66.87	2.3981
H-SBZC	1496.59	1421.43	1.0258	0.6152	59.97	2.7419
C-SBZC	1403.50	1320.07	0.8637	0.5677	65.73	2.4614
AC	759.41	664.77	0.6035	0.3194	52.92	3.1786

样品	比表面积/m²·g^-1	微孔面积/m²·g^-1	孔容/cm³·g^-1	微孔孔容/cm³·g^-1	微孔率/%	平均孔径/nm
H-SBBC	1640.21	1542.63	1.0384	0.6695	64.47	2.5325
C-SBBC	1514.95	1427.85	0.9082	0.6073	66.87	2.3981
H-SBZC	1496.59	1421.43	1.0258	0.6152	59.97	2.7419
C-SBZC	1403.50	1320.07	0.8637	0.5677	65.73	2.4614
AC	759.41	664.77	0.6035	0.3194	52.92	3.1786

吸附质	吸附剂	比表面积/m²·g^-1	孔容/cm³·g^-1	吸附温度/K	吸附容量/mg·g^-1	参考文献
甲苯	H-SBBC	1640.21	1.04	293	270.80	本文
	骨头生物炭	1405.06	0.97	298	288.12	[22]
	富硅稻壳生物炭	1818.45	0.90	293	264.00	[23]
	木屑生物炭	1606.70	1.13	298	308.00	[24]
	开心果壳生物炭	1832.03	0.80	298	223.00	[25]
对二甲苯	H-SBBC	1640.21	1.04	293	312.86	本文
	球磨秸秆生物炭	405.61	0.19	298	130.21	[4]
	硬木活性炭	101.58	0.1802	—	131.24	[26]
	花生壳活性炭	1025.00	1.07	293	296.80	[27]