Abstract:

Mercury pollution has a wide range of sources and emissions and has become one of the ten most serious pollution sources in the world because of extensive source and massive emission. Among the many mercury ion removal technologies, adsorption has evolved into a more sophisticated and extensively adopted processing technology because of its high efficiency and low cost. The key to adsorption is the adsorbent with excellent performance, while the adsorption performance of traditional adsorption materials is limited. Based on this, this paper summarized the novel adsorption materials for mercury ion in recent years, such as metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), covalent organic frameworks (COFs), conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs), conductive polymers, MXenes and composite materials. The relationship between the structural characteristics of these materials and their adsorption properties for mercury ions was discussed in detail. The prospect of mercury ion adsorption materials in water was summarized. It was pointed out that adjusting the structure of the material and adding specific functional groups were the directions for further research and development of new materials. It was hoped that this paper can provided some reference and inspiration for the design and development of the research of novel adsorption materials for mercury ion.

Key words: mercury adsorption, metal-organic frameworks, covalent organic frameworks, conjugated microporous polymers, 2-dimensional transition metal carbon (nitrogen) compounds

摘要：

汞污染来源广泛、排放量大，已成为世界上最严重的十大污染源之一。在众多汞离子去除技术中，吸附法由于具有高效且经济的特点，成为了较为成熟且应用广泛的处理技术。性能优异的吸附剂是吸附法的关键，而传统的吸附材料吸附性能有限。基于此，本文介绍了近年来报道的金属有机骨架材料（MOFs）、共价有机框架材料（COFs）、共轭微孔聚合物（CMPs）、导电聚合物、二维过渡金属碳（氮）化物（MXenes）和复合材料等新型汞离子吸附材料，详细论述了这些吸附材料的结构特征及其与汞离子的吸附特性之间的关系。总结了水中汞离子吸附材料的发展前景，指出调节材料结构以及添加特定官能团是进一步研发新材料的方向，希望对新型汞离子吸附材料的设计和开发提供一定参考和启发。

关键词: 汞离子吸附, 金属有机骨架, 共价有机框架, 共轭微孔聚合物, 二维过渡金属碳（氮）化物