Abstract: Kitchen garbage, namely food waste and residues of households, schools, canteens and catering industry, is an important component of urban living garbage. In this work, kitchen garbage from school canteens was chosen to produce fuel ethanol by yeast simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF). Glucoamylase and protease were determined to be affecting factors for ethanol production and cellulyse had smaller effect by orthogonal design experiment. The optimum usage of the three enzymes were 100 U/g, 150 U/g and100 U/g respectively. The final ethanol concentration of 54.6g/L was obtained with the optimum conditions of fermentation period of 120h and natural pH of 5.3. None of other nutrients added showed that kitchen garbage could meet the requirement of microorganisms in itself without extra supplementation.

Key words: biological engineering, bioenergy, kitchen garbage, glucoamylase, ethanol

摘要： 餐厨垃圾是指家庭、学校、食堂以及餐饮行业的食物废料和残余,是城市生活垃圾的重要组成部分。本文以学校食堂餐厨垃圾为原料,利用酿酒酵母对餐厨垃圾同步糖化发酵生产燃料酒精的工艺进行了研究。正交试验表明糖化酶和蛋白酶对酒精发酵影响显著,纤维素酶影响较小,糖化酶最适添加量为100U/g,蛋白酶最适添加量为150U/g,纤维素酶为100U/g,自然pH值(5.3)发酵,最佳的发酵周期是120h,最终酒精浓度达到54.6g/L。发酵过程无需添加其他营养物质,说明餐厨垃圾本身所含的营养物质即可以满足菌体生长的需要。

关键词: 生物工程, 生物能源, 餐厨垃圾, 糖化酶, 酒精