化工进展 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (10): 5720-5729.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2020-2474

• 资源与环境化工 • 上一篇    下一篇

反渗透/纳滤膜剖检分析与膜污染诊断研究进展

海玉琰1,2(), 何灿1,2, 马瑞1,2, 熊日华1,2()   

  1. 1.北京低碳清洁能源研究院,北京 102211
    2.煤炭开采水资源保护与利用国家重点实验室,北京 100011
  • 收稿日期:2020-12-09 修回日期:2021-01-25 出版日期:2021-10-10 发布日期:2021-10-25
  • 通讯作者: 熊日华
  • 作者简介:海玉琰(1989—),女,博士,工程师,研究方向为膜改性与分离新技术。E-mail:yuyan.hai@chnenergy.com.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家能源集团科技项目(GJNY-21-90)

A review on RO/NF membrane autopsy and membrane fouling diagnosis

HAI Yuyan1,2(), HE Can1,2, MA Rui1,2, XIONG Rihua1,2()   

  1. 1.National Institute of Clean-and-Low-Carbon Energy, Beijing 102211, China
    2.State Key Laboratory of Water Resource Protection and Utilization in Coal Mining, Beijing 100011, China
  • Received:2020-12-09 Revised:2021-01-25 Online:2021-10-10 Published:2021-10-25
  • Contact: XIONG Rihua

摘要:

反渗透(RO)/纳滤(NF)膜元件在长期运行过程中会不可避免地发生膜污染,当产水水质无法满足应用指标时,就需要对膜元件进行更换。膜剖检分析是研究和确定膜污染最直观有效的方法,通过膜剖检分析及膜污染诊断可以为膜元件的日常维护、膜系统运行优化和膜性能修复提供有效依据。但是,目前对于膜剖检分析的实践及膜污染诊断研究还不系统、不全面。本文针对RO/NF膜剖检分析及膜污染诊断相关研究,介绍了膜元件剖检分析流程和各类膜污染分析方法,分析了实际应用中存在的问题,并根据膜剖检分析的意义和价值,重点综述了膜污染成分诊断、膜污染分布情况诊断、不同应用场景膜污染情况对比和不同膜材料的污染情况对比研究进展,以期为膜污染机制研究、膜污染预防控制和膜系统运行改善提供参考。

关键词: 膜, 化学分析, 膜污染, 膜剖检, 反渗透, 纳滤

Abstract:

Reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF) membrane fouling will inevitably occur during long-term operation, which causes the decline of membrane performance. Once the water quality cannot meet the requirement for specific application, the deteriorated membranes need to be replaced. Membrane autopsy is considered as the most intuitive and effective method for studying and identifying the membrane fouling. The results of membrane autopsy and membrane fouling diagnosis are analyzed to provide an effective basis for optimizing the operation of membrane system, maintaining the membrane elements in a regular routine and rejuvenating the membrane performance. However, the practice of membrane autopsy and the study of membrane fouling diagnosis are not systematic and comprehensive. According to the related research of RO/NF membrane autopsy and membrane fouling diagnosis, in this paper, the detailed procedure of membrane autopsy and various analytical methods of membrane fouling were introduced, and meanwhile the existing problems in the practical application were discussed. The diagnosis of fouling composition and spatial distribution, the comparison of membrane fouling in different application scenarios and membrane materials are mainly reviewed, which may provide an insight into studying the mechanisms and control methods of membrane fouling, and optimizing the operation of membrane system.

Key words: membrane, chemical analysis, membrane fouling, membrane autopsy, reverse osmosis, nanofiltration

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