液态生物质燃料重整及其在固体氧化物燃料电池中的应用

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2020-1328

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

固体氧化物燃料电池（soild oxide fuel cell，SOFC）是一种清洁高效的发电装置，它可以利用氢气或碳氢燃料发电。液态生物质燃料是一种可再生碳氢燃料，它通过将生物质进行快速催化热解后，经过进一步催化加工制得，主要包括生物甲醇、生物乙醇、生物柴油及其副产物生物甘油等，将SOFC与液态生物质燃料结合，具有便携、清洁和高效等优点。本文分析了包括生物甲醇、生物乙醇、生物柴油以及生物甘油在内的液态生物质燃料的重整研究及其在SOFC中的应用进展，包括重整转化机理与效率、产物选择性、应用于发电存在的优势与难题等。通过对液态生物质燃料进行催化重整，可有效抑制SOFC直接使用液态生物质燃料发电存在的阳极积炭失活现象，从而提高发电效率，延长SOFC使用寿命。总结了目前液态生物质燃料直接用于SOFC发电的研究进展，提出了未来的研究方向，以期提高液态生物质燃料在SOFC中的利用效率和稳定性。

关键词: 燃料电池, 生物燃料, 催化重整, 生物质发电

Abstract:

Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is a clean and efficient power generation device fed by hydrogen or hydrocarbon fuels. Liquid bio-fuel is a kind of renewable hydrocarbon fuel, which is produced by catalytic pyrolysis of biomass and further catalytic processing. It contains bio-methanol, bio-ethanol, bio-diesel and its by-product bio-glycerin, etc. It is portable, clean and efficient to use liquid bio-fuels for SOFC power generation. However, direct use of liquid bio-fuels will lead to the deactivation of SOFC anode carbon deposition. Thus, a reforming progress is necessary for long-term durability as well as high efficiency for power generation. The reforming progress of liquid bio-fuels was analyzed, including conversions and distributions of products for bio-methanol, bio-ethanol, bio-glycerin and bio-diesel, respectively. The research progress of liquid biomass fuel used in SOFC power generation was also summarized, and the future research direction of liquid biomass fuel used in SOFC was put forward, in order to improve the utilization efficiency and stability.

Key words: fuel cell, biofuel, catalytic reforming, biomass power generation

中图分类号:

彭元亭, 王傲, 韦童, 李南奇, 李箭. 液态生物质燃料重整及其在固体氧化物燃料电池中的应用[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40(6): 2972-2979.

PENG Yuanting, WANG Ao, WEI Tong, LI Nanqi, LI Jian. Reforming of liquid bio-fuels for solid oxide fuel cell application[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2021, 40(6): 2972-2979.

图/表 2

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