关键词: 厌氧, 水解, 发酵, 快速水解, 慢速水解, 挥发性脂肪酸

Abstract: Volatile fatty acid (VFA) is widely used because of its good biodegradability and high added value. Production of VFA by anaerobic digestion is currently a research focal topic in academia. However, scholars rarely discussed the biodegradability of organic matter after hydrolysis, a trade-off between quantity and quality of hydrolysate during anaerobic fermentation. To further improve the utilization efficiency of organic substances by microorganisms in the anaerobic fermentation process and break through the restrictive effect of hydrolysis on anaerobic digestion, this review divides anaerobic hydrolysis into rapid hydrolysis and slow hydrolysis, according to the different release speed of matrix carbon source and the different degradation performance of carbon source in the anaerobic fermentation process. The review expounds meanings, classifications, advantages, and disadvantages of the two hydrolysis methods respectively, and indicates that the release rate and release mode of carbon source inside and outside cells are the decisive factors affecting the anaerobic acid production and biodegradation performance. Finally, it is pointed out that the combination of rapid hydrolysis and slow hydrolysis in stages is the main research direction for VFA production by anaerobic digestion in the future.

Key words: anaerobic, hydrolysis, fermentation, rapid hydrolysis, slow hydrolysis, volatile fatty acid