化工进展 ›› 2019, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (06): 2738-2745.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2018-2148

• 能源加工与技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同单价电解质水溶液对逆电渗析电堆工作特性的影响

吴德兵(),徐士鸣(),吴曦,胡军勇,冷强,徐志杰,金东旭,王平   

  1. 大连理工大学能源与动力学院,辽宁 大连 116024
  • 收稿日期:2018-11-02 出版日期:2019-06-05 发布日期:2019-06-05
  • 通讯作者: 徐士鸣
  • 作者简介:吴德兵(1991—),男,博士研究生,研究方向为低品位热直接发电中的逆电渗析电堆设计及特性。E-mail:<email>DBWU@mail.dlut.edu.cn</email>。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(51776029,51606024)

Influences of different monovalent electrolyte aqueous solution on the performance characteristics of reverse electrodialysis stack

Debing WU(),Shiming XU(),Xi WU,Junyong HU,Qiang LENG,Zhijie XU,Dongxu JIN,Ping WANG   

  1. School of Energy and Power Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China
  • Received:2018-11-02 Online:2019-06-05 Published:2019-06-05
  • Contact: Shiming XU

摘要:

以5种工质盐溶液作为逆电渗析堆(RED)的工作溶液,分别在两种浓度(mol/L)比(3/0.05、5/0.05)下,分析逆电渗析堆主要工作特性参数:开路电压、电堆欧姆内阻以及功率密度。实验结果表明:电导率高的电解质溶液为工质时,电堆内阻降低,实验中以浓度比5/0.05溴化铵溶液为工质的电堆具有最低的欧姆内阻(2.80Ω),同时电堆开路电压也最低(1.355V)。因为过高的溶液浓度梯度降低了离子交换膜的离子选择透过性。浓度比5/0.05乙酸钾溶液为工质的电堆具有高的开路电压,达到1.929V,比氯化锂溶液高6.9%,但其电堆内阻比氯化锂溶液高17%,以氯化锂溶液为工质的电堆输出的最大功率密度达到2.217W/m2。以乙酸钠溶液为工质开路电压比乙酸钾稍低,但其内阻过高,使得输出的最大功率密度最小。

关键词: 逆电渗析, 电解质, 电化学, 盐差能, 传质

Abstract:

The present work experimentally investigates the use of five pure salt solutions as working solution in a lab-scale reverse electrodialysis (RED) stack. The main performance parameters of RED stack were analyzed in terms of open circuit voltage (OCV), stack ohm-resistance and power density. Effect of two concentration gradients (3/0.05 and 5/0.05) was investigated. Results show that the electrolyte solution with high electric conductivity is good to reduce stack ohm-resistance. The experimental lowest stack resistance of 2.8Ω was measured when using NH4Br solution at concentration of 5/0.05, meanwhile, the experimental lowest OCV reached at 1.355V. Because the permselectivity of ion-exchange membranes is weakened at high concentration. The experimental highest OCV of 1.929V was measured when using KAc solution at concentration of 5/0.05, which is about 9% higher than the OCV in LiCl at the same concentration. Due to 17% lower resistance, the latter achieved the maximum power density of 2.217W/m2. The OCV in NaAc is slightly lower than that in KAc, but the latter internal resistance is too high, which makes the latter maximum power density minimum.

Key words: revers electrodialysis, electrolytes, electrochemistry, salinity gradient power, mass transfer

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