面向油水分离的无机膜制备及应用进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2018-0315

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 膜技术是处理含油污水及含水油液的有效分离方法。无机膜材料由于可调变的表面性质和良好的稳定性，即使在苛刻的条件下，在分离油水方面表现出优异的分离性能。本文首先阐述了设计与制备油水分离膜的理论基础，包括分离过程中压力驱动力和膜表面特性对膜通量和选择性的影响；然后综述了当前国内外用于油水分离的无机膜的制备及其应用进展，重点介绍分子筛膜、金属氧化物/金属氢氧化物膜和氧化石墨烯膜等的研究，分析了在不同油水混合物中研究者们调控无机膜表面性能的策略，提出膜表面润湿性和膜结构是提高膜分离效率和抗污染性的关键；最后指出抵制含大量表面活性剂、碱液及有机聚合物种的乳化油对膜造成污染，是无机膜亟需解决的问题，并展望了无机膜在分离油水方面的发展方向。

关键词: 无机膜, 油水分离, 膜污染, 分离过程, 表面润湿性

Abstract: Membrane-based technologies are every effective for the separation of oil/water systems. Because of the controllable surface properties and excellent stability, inorganic membrane particularly has great potential for the oil-water separation even under harsh conditions. First, the theoretical basis of the design and preparation of oil-water separation membrane was described in this paper.Factors that are significantly affects membrane flux and selectivity were analyzed. Then, recent progress of preparation and application of inorganic membranes for the oil-water system, with special highlights on zeolite, metal oxide, graphene oxide membranes, was reviewed. It is concluded that the surface wetting properties and membrane structure are the key to improve separation efficiency and the anti-fouling properties. Controlling membrane fouling is of significant importance for application of inorganic membranes to separation of oil/water emulsions, particularly with the presence of surfactants, alkaline and organic polymers. Finally, future directions on the development of application inorganic membranes for separation of oil/water mixtures were also briefly discussed.

Key words: inorganic membrane, oil/water mixture, membrane fouling, separation process, surface wettability

中图分类号:

任秀娥, 李刚, 陈建标, 樊栓狮, 郎雪梅, 王燕鸿. 面向油水分离的无机膜制备及应用进展[J]. 化工进展, 2018, 37(10): 3928-3935.

REN Xiue, LI Gang, CHEN Jianbiao, FAN Shuanshi, LANG Xuemei, WANG Yanhong. Recent progress of preparation and application of inorganic membranes in oil/water separation[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2018, 37(10): 3928-3935.

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