铁尾矿/粉煤灰基地质聚合物的制备及微观结构分析

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2023-2053

化工进展 ›› 2024, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (12): 7067-7077.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2023-2053

• 资源与环境化工 • 上一篇

铁尾矿/粉煤灰基地质聚合物的制备及微观结构分析

赵玥琪¹(), 王亚琴², 张晨¹, 陈洲²^,³, 高翔鹏¹, 李明阳¹()

^1.安徽工业大学冶金工程学院，安徽马鞍山 243032
^2.中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究总院股份有限公司，安徽马鞍山 243000
^3.东北大学资源与土木工程学院，辽宁沈阳 110819

收稿日期:2023-11-24 修回日期:2024-02-02 出版日期:2024-12-15 发布日期:2025-01-11
通讯作者: 李明阳
作者简介:赵玥琪（2000—），女，硕士研究生，研究方向为固废资源化利用。E-mail：1227421139@qq.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(51904001);安徽省高等学校科学研究重点项目(2022AH050305);省部共建复杂有色金属资源清洁利用国家重点实验室开放基金(CNMRCUKF2202);金属矿山安全与健康国家重点实验室开放课题基金(2022-JSKSSYS-07)

Preparation and microstructure analysis of iron tailings/fly ash based geopolymer

ZHAO Yueqi¹(), WANG Yaqin², ZHANG Chen¹, CHEN Zhou²^,³, GAO Xiangpeng¹, LI Mingyang¹()

^1.School of Metallurgical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma’anshan, 243032, Anhui, China
^2.Sinosteel Maanshan General Institute of Mining Research Co. , Ltd. , Ma’anshan 243000, Anhui, China
^3.School of Resources & Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, Liaoning, China

Received:2023-11-24 Revised:2024-02-02 Online:2024-12-15 Published:2025-01-11
Contact: LI Mingyang

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为提高制备的粉煤灰/铁尾矿基地质聚合物（IGF）抗压强度，通过单因素和正交实验分析了n(Na₂O)/n(Al₂O₃)、激发剂模数、液固比、固化温度、铁尾矿掺量对IGF抗压强度的影响，并结合扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X射线衍射（XRD）、红外光谱（FTIR）对IGF物相变化进行了表征。结果表明，IGF的抗压强度随激发剂模数、n(Na₂O)/n(Al₂O₃)、液固比和铁尾矿掺量的增加呈先增后减趋势，与固化温度呈正相关，影响顺序为固化温度>模数>液固比>n(Na₂O)/n(Al₂O₃)。SEM和XRD结果显示IGF中含有丰富的SiO₂和Al₂O₃，两者结合生成的水化硅酸钙（C-A-H凝胶和C-S-H凝胶）可使材料结构更加致密，提高其耐久性和强度。此外，在粉煤灰基地质聚合物中添加铁尾矿可以填充IGF的孔隙结构，减少微观结构的破坏，使其致密性增加，从而满足建筑材料的应用标准，并为寻求水泥替代品、提高行业效率提供了可能。

关键词: 铁尾矿, 粉煤灰, 地质聚合物, 抗压强度, 无定形凝胶, 正交实验

Abstract:

To improve the compressive strength of the prepared fly ash/iron tailings based geopolymer (IGF), the effects of n(Na₂O)/n(Al₂O₃), activator modulus, liquid-solid ratio, solidification temperature and iron tailings content on the compressive strength of IGF were analyzed through single factor and orthogonal experiments. The phase changes of IGF were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results showed that the compressive strength of IGF increased first and then decreased with the increase of activator modulus, n(Na₂O)/n(Al₂O₃), liquid-solid ratio and iron tailings content, and was positively correlated with the curing temperature. The order of influence was: curing temperature > modulus > liquid-solid ratio > n(Na₂O)/n(Al₂O₃). SEM and XRD results indicated that IGF contained abundant SiO₂ and Al₂O₃. The hydrated calcium silicate (C-A-H gel and C-S-H gel) generated by the combination of the two materials could make the structure more compact, and improve its durability and strength. In addition, adding iron tailings to fly ash based geopolymers could fill the pore structure of IGF, reduce microstructural damage, increase its density, meet the application standards of building materials, and provide possibilities for seeking cement substitutes and improving industry efficiency.

Key words: iron tailings, fly ash, geopolymers, compressive strength, amorphous gel, orthogonal test

中图分类号:

TD313

赵玥琪, 王亚琴, 张晨, 陈洲, 高翔鹏, 李明阳. 铁尾矿/粉煤灰基地质聚合物的制备及微观结构分析[J]. 化工进展, 2024, 43(12): 7067-7077.

ZHAO Yueqi, WANG Yaqin, ZHANG Chen, CHEN Zhou, GAO Xiangpeng, LI Mingyang. Preparation and microstructure analysis of iron tailings/fly ash based geopolymer[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2024, 43(12): 7067-7077.

图/表 15

参考文献 41

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成分	IOT	FA
SiO₂	40.1	46.24
Al₂O₃	11.63	38.08
Fe₂O₃	15.08	3.20
CaO	9.87	4.30
MgO	14.78	0.86
K₂O	3.05	1.08
P₂O₅	2.91	0.63
Na₂O	0.51	0.73
TiO₂	0.54	1.56
SO₃	0.70	2.16
其他	0.83	1.16

成分	IOT	FA
SiO₂	40.1	46.24
Al₂O₃	11.63	38.08
Fe₂O₃	15.08	3.20
CaO	9.87	4.30
MgO	14.78	0.86
K₂O	3.05	1.08
P₂O₅	2.91	0.63
Na₂O	0.51	0.73
TiO₂	0.54	1.56
SO₃	0.70	2.16
其他	0.83	1.16

水平	影响因素
水平	碱激发剂模数（A）	n(Na₂O)/n(Al₂O₃)（B）	液固比（C）	固化温度（D）/℃
1	1.1	0.7	0.3	45
2	1.2	0.8	0.35	55
3	1.3	0.9	0.4	65

水平	影响因素
水平	碱激发剂模数（A）	n(Na₂O)/n(Al₂O₃)（B）	液固比（C）	固化温度（D）/℃
1	1.1	0.7	0.3	45
2	1.2	0.8	0.35	55
3	1.3	0.9	0.4	65

正交实验组	影响因素				抗压强度 /MPa
正交实验组	碱激发剂模数（A）	n(Na₂O)/n(Al₂O₃)（B）	液固比（C）	固化温度（D）/℃	抗压强度 /MPa
IGF-1	1.1	0.7	0.3	45	16.7
IGF-2	1.1	0.8	0.35	55	20.07
IGF-3	1.1	0.9	0.4	65	20.3
IGF-4	1.2	0.7	0.35	65	18.92
IGF-5	1.2	0.8	0.4	45	9.8
IGF-6	1.2	0.9	0.3	55	16.1
IGF-7	1.3	0.7	0.4	55	12.5
IGF-8	1.3	0.8	0.3	65	22.5
IGF-9	1.3	0.9	0.35	45	6.7

铁尾矿/粉煤灰基地质聚合物的制备及微观结构分析

Preparation and microstructure analysis of iron tailings/fly ash based geopolymer

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参考文献 41

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水平数	抗压强度平均值/MPa
水平数	碱激发剂模数	n(Na₂O)/n(Al₂O₃)	液固比	固化温度
1	19.023	16.040	18.433	11.067
2	14.940	17.457	15.230	16.233
3	13.900	14.367	14.200	20.573
极差R	5.123	3.090	4.233	9.506

因素	方差	自由度	F
碱激发剂模数	44.004	2	0.788
n(Na₂O)/n(Al₂O₃)	14.355	2	0.257
液固比	29.243	2	0.523
固化温度/℃	135.890	2	2.432
误差	223.49	8

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