采用有机溶剂的热再生电池性能

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-0274

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于电化学的热再生电池（thermally regenerative batteries，TRBs）可有效地将低温废热转换为电能，而目前广泛研究的水系TRB存在开路电压（<450mV）、能量密度（<1260Wh/m³）和热效率（<1.0%）均较低的问题，为缓解上述问题，本文利用铜配合物，构建了采用有机溶剂并以乙腈为配体的TRB体系以突破水系TRB开路电压较低的局限，并研究了不同有机溶剂（碳酸丙烯酯、乙二醇和碳酸乙烯酯）、流量、乙腈含量和温度对电池产电性能的影响。结果表明，以乙腈为配体的TRB体系的开路电压均在1.0V左右，碳酸丙烯酯作为溶剂的TRB性能最佳，27℃下最大功率密度为82W/m²，能量密度为3672Wh/m³，热效率达到2.6%；TRB最大功率密度随流速先增加后保持不变，而随乙腈含量先增加后降低；由于化学反应的增强和电解液黏度的降低，在一定范围内电池最大功率密度随温度升高而线性增加。

关键词: 电化学, 热再生电池, 配合物, 溶剂, 热效率, 传质

Abstract:

Electrochemistry based thermal regenerative batteries (TRBs) can effectively convert low-grade waste heat into electric energy. However, there are still some limitations such as low open circuit voltage (<450mV), low energy density (<1260Wh/m³) and low thermal efficiency (<1.0%) for aqueous TRBs. Thus, the TRB system with organic solvent and acetonitrile as ligand was constructed by using copper complex to break through the limitation of low open circuit voltage of aqueous TRB. The effects of different organic solvents (propylene carbonate, ethylene glycol and ethylene carbonate), flow rate, acetonitrile content and operating temperature on the TRBs performance are investigated. The results showed that the open circuit voltage of the TRB system with acetonitrile as ligand was around 1.0V and the highest power density of 82W/m² with an energy density of 3672Wh/m³ and a thermal efficiency of 2.6% was obtained in the TRB using propylene carbonate solvent electrolyte at 27℃. The maximum power density firstly increased with flow rate and afterwards kept approximately unchanged. The acetonitrile content had a significant effect on the open circuit voltage and the maximum power density of the battery, and the peak value was obtained at acetonitrile volume fraction of 75%. In addition, due to the enhancement of chemical reaction and the decrease of electrolyte viscosity, the maximum power density linearly increased with the increase of operating temperature in a certain range.

Key words: electrochemistry, thermal regenerative battery, complexes, solvents, thermal efficiency, mass transfer

中图分类号:

TM911.3

李洞, 石雨, 张亮, 李俊, 付乾, 朱恂, 廖强. 采用有机溶剂的热再生电池性能[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(12): 6302-6309.

LI Dong, SHI Yu, ZHANG Liang, LI Jun, FU Qian, ZHU Xun, LIAO Qiang. Performance of thermal regenerative batteries with organic solvents[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2022, 41(12): 6302-6309.

图/表 6

图1 采用有机溶剂的液流电池反应器结构示意图

图2 不同溶剂对TRB性能的影响

图3 产电及热再生过程分析

图4 电解液流量对TRB-PC最大功率密度的影响

图5 乙腈体积分数对电池产电性能的影响

图6 温度对产电功率密度的影响

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