我国典型城市氢能经济性和低成本氢源探索分析

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-0393

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

氢能经济性一直是氢能与燃料电池汽车产业发展关注的重点。本文构建了一种简洁、有效的加氢站氢气成本计算模型，可适用于现阶段已投入运行的加氢站经济性研究计算。应用该成本计算模型，通过实地调研，本文得到了张家口、郑州、盐城、佛山等地典型加氢站的氢气成本，经对比分析可知，由于氢气来源、储运距离、应用端市场规模等现实条件不同，加氢站的氢能经济性具有很大差异。为进一步提升氢能经济性、探索加氢站氢气成本低于40CNY/kg的可行性，本文以张家口市氢气来源于风电电解水制氢的某加氢站为例，详细分析其氢气成本构成情况，得出低成本氢源开发对于降低加氢站氢气成本具有重要意义。本文还根据氢能产业发展现状和在交通领域的应用前景，从降低氢气制取成本、氢气储运成本、加氢站固定资产折旧及运营成本等方面为进一步提升氢能经济性、降低加氢站氢气成本提出建议。

关键词: 城市交通, 加氢站, 氢, 模型

Abstract:

Hydrogen economy is the focus of hydrogen and fuel cell vehicle industry development. A simple and effective calculation model for hydrogen cost of hydrogen refueling station(HRS) was built and can be used for the economic calculation of HRS under actual operation. Through the actual research, the hydrogen cost of HRS in Zhangjiakou, Zhengzhou, Yancheng and Foshan was obtained using the calculation model, respectively. These calculated results reflected that the hydrogen energy economy of HRS varies greatly due to different practical conditions such as hydrogen source, storage and transportation distance, and market scale of application. In order to promoted hydrogen economy and explored the feasibility of hydrogen cost less than 40CNY/kg, one station in Zhangjiakou was taken as an example where hydrogen comes from electrolysis of water by wind power generation, the composition of hydrogen cost was analyzed in detail, which concluded that the development of low-cost hydrogen source was very significant to reduce the hydrogen cost. In addition, according to the development status of hydrogen industry and its application prospect in the field of transportation, some suggestions were put forward from the aspects of reducing hydrogen production cost, hydrogen storage and transportation cost, depreciation of fixed assets and operating cost of HRS for improving hydrogen economy.

Key words: urban transportation, hydrogen station (HRS), hydrogen, model

中图分类号:

滕欣余, 张国华, 胡辰树, 朱成, 于丹, 刘頔, 刘沙. 我国典型城市氢能经济性和低成本氢源探索分析[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(12): 6295-6301.

TENG Xinyu, ZHANG Guohua, HU Chenshu, ZHU Cheng, YU Dan, LIU Di, LIU Sha. Analysis on hydrogen energy economy and low cost of hydrogen source in typical cities of China[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2022, 41(12): 6295-6301.

图/表 4

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参数	张家口某加氢站	郑州某加氢站	盐城某加氢站	佛山某加氢站
制氢方式	电解水制氢	氯碱工业副产氢提纯	氯碱工业副产氢提纯	丙烷脱氢
氢气采购价格/CNY·kg^-1	27.12	20.04	26.32	24.75
氢气储运成本/CNY·kg^-1	3.70	6.64	31.81	28.98
氢气加注成本/CNY·kg^-1	7.12	12.48	129.1	37.75
加氢站氢气总成本/CNY·kg^-1	37.94	39.16	187.23	91.48
氢气售价（10%利润下）/CNY·kg^-1	41.73	43.08	205.95	100.63

参数	张家口某加氢站	郑州某加氢站	盐城某加氢站	佛山某加氢站
制氢方式	电解水制氢	氯碱工业副产氢提纯	氯碱工业副产氢提纯	丙烷脱氢
氢气采购价格/CNY·kg^-1	27.12	20.04	26.32	24.75
氢气储运成本/CNY·kg^-1	3.70	6.64	31.81	28.98
氢气加注成本/CNY·kg^-1	7.12	12.48	129.1	37.75
加氢站氢气总成本/CNY·kg^-1	37.94	39.16	187.23	91.48
氢气售价（10%利润下）/CNY·kg^-1	41.73	43.08	205.95	100.63

费用组成	金额（不含制氢利润） /CNY·kg^-1	金额（制氢利润率10%） /CNY·kg^-1
氢气采购成本	27.12	29.83
氢气储运成本	3.70	3.70
氢气加注成本	7.12	7.12
加氢站总成本
无储运	34.24	36.95
含储运	37.94	40.65
加氢站售价（10%利润）
无储运	37.66	40.64
含储运	41.73	44.72

费用组成	金额（不含制氢利润） /CNY·kg^-1	金额（制氢利润率10%） /CNY·kg^-1
氢气采购成本	27.12	29.83
氢气储运成本	3.70	3.70
氢气加注成本	7.12	7.12
加氢站总成本
无储运	34.24	36.95
含储运	37.94	40.65
加氢站售价（10%利润）
无储运	37.66	40.64
含储运	41.73	44.72

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