化工进展 ›› 2022, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (5): 2332-2339.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-1131

• 能源加工与技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

氨混合燃料体系的性能研究现状

夏鑫(), 蔺建民(), 李妍, 陶志平   

  1. 中国石化石油化工科学研究院,北京 100083
  • 收稿日期:2021-05-29 修回日期:2021-08-09 出版日期:2022-05-05 发布日期:2022-05-24
  • 通讯作者: 蔺建民
  • 作者简介:夏鑫(1994—),男,硕士,助理工程师,从事燃料性能及添加剂研究开发工作。E-mail:xiaxin_001@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2017YFB0306605);中国石油化工股份有限公司合同项目(121031)

Research progress on performance and application of ammonia fuel on engines

XIA Xin(), LIN Jianmin(), LI Yan, TAO Zhiping   

  1. Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Processing, Beijing 100083, China
  • Received:2021-05-29 Revised:2021-08-09 Online:2022-05-05 Published:2022-05-24
  • Contact: LIN Jianmin

摘要:

氨不仅是一种成本低廉的化工原料,而且由于具有较高的能量密度、易于储运、燃烧不产生CO2等优点被认为是一种有广泛应用前景的清洁燃料。氨燃料具有替代汽油、柴油等化石燃料的应用潜力,为解决环境污染和化石能源短缺等问题提供了新的途径。本文概述了氨燃料的理化特性、燃烧特性以及与多种材料的相容性,介绍了氨作为调合燃料的性能及应用研究进展,尤其对氨-汽油燃料、氨-柴油燃料、氨-正庚烷燃料等燃料体系的研究成果进行了总结。文章集中分析了氨作为发动机燃料的机遇和挑战,尤其指出了氨燃料的生产高能耗、毒性及腐蚀性、氨的燃烧缺陷等问题,并探讨了对应的解决方案。在碳达峰、碳中和的大背景下,氨燃料在我国的发展具有后发优势。

关键词: 氨, 燃料, 发动机, 排放特性, 燃烧特性

Abstract:

Ammonia is not only a low-cost chemical material, but also has some advantages such as high energy density, convenient for transportation, and combustion without CO2 emissions. Therefore, ammonia fuel is a novel clean energy with broad application prospects. Ammonia fuel has the potential to replace fossil fuels such as gasoline and diesel. Therefore, it can be anticipated that ammonia fuel would be a new way to solve environmental pollution and fossil energy shortages. This paper summarized physical and chemical properties and combustion characteristics of ammonia fuel, and compatibility of ammonia fuel and some materials was introduced as well. What’s more, the application research progress of ammonia-gasoline fuel, ammonia-diesel fuel and ammonia-heptane fuel was also summarized respectively. Furthermore, the opportunities and challenges of ammonia as a potential fuel were discussed. In particular, the problems of ammonia were pointed out, such as high energy consumption, toxicity and corrosivity, and combustion defects. Accordingly, the corresponding solutions were analyzed emphatically. Under the background of peak carbon dioxide emission and carbon neutrality, ammonia fuel had a late developing advantage in China.

Key words: ammonia, fuel, engine, emission characteristic, combustion characteristic

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