基于环糊精构筑薄膜复合膜的研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2023-1014

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

绿色环保型材料环糊精（CD）因其独特的空腔结构和外壁亲水、内壁疏水的两亲性，在水处理分离膜的构筑上受到广泛关注。CD膜具有优异的理化性质和结构特征，在污废水净化、染料/盐混合溶液分离和有机溶剂纳滤等水处理领域备受青睐。在水处理中，CD膜可以同时实现分子和离子的精确分离，并提高膜的渗透性。本文从CD膜的设计及制备方法（界面聚合法和相转化法）出发，围绕CD膜的不同构筑方法，综述了近年来基于环糊精构筑水处理薄膜复合膜的研究现状，探讨了CD引入对膜分离层界面结构、渗透性、污染物截留和抗污染能力等方面的影响。最后对基于环糊精构筑薄膜复合膜的发展方向，如提高CD的反应活性、优化反应条件、开发新型CD衍生物以及新型CD膜的制备工艺进行了分析和展望，以推动CD薄膜复合膜在水处理中的应用发展。

关键词: 分离, 膜, 环糊精, 水处理, 界面聚合

Abstract:

Cyclodextrin (CD), a green material, has been widely used in the construction of water treatment separation membranes because of its unique cavity structure and amphiphilicity of hydrophilic outer cavity and hydrophobic interior cavity. CD membrane has excellent physical and chemical properties and structural characteristics, and it is widely used in water treatment fields such as wastewater purification, dye/salt mixed solution separation and organic solvent nanofiltration. In water treatment, CD membrane can achieve the precise separation of molecules and ions at the same time and improve the permeability of the membrane. In this paper, based on the different design and preparation methods of CD membrane (interfacial polymerization and phase transformation) and the different construction methods of CD membrane, the research process of CD thin film composite membrane for water treatment in recent years was reviewed and the influences of the introduction of CD on the interface structure, permeability and antifouling property were discussed. Finally, the development direction and trend of CD membrane in the structure regulation and selection of permeability improvement was analyzed and prospected, such as improving the reactivity of CD, optimizing the reaction conditions, developing new CD derivatives and the preparation process of new CD membrane, so as to promote the application and development of CD thin film composite membrane in water treatment.

Key words: separation, membrane, cyclodextrin, water treatment, interfacial polymerization

中图分类号:

TQ028

孙燕, 冯倩颖, 谢晓阳, 何皎洁, 杨利伟, 白波. 基于环糊精构筑薄膜复合膜的研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2024, 43(8): 4464-4476.

SUN Yan, FENG Qianying, XIE Xiaoyang, HE Jiaojie, YANG Liwei, BAI Bo. Research progress on the cyclodextrin-based thin film composite membranes[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2024, 43(8): 4464-4476.

图/表 11

图1 环糊精分类[11]

图2 β-CD/TMC复合纳滤膜界面聚合制备工艺及结构示意图[19]

图3 β-CD/TMC-MWCNTs聚酯膜结构示意图及其高效分离过滤染料/盐混合溶液的性能[20]

图4 γ-CD改性TFNC NF膜制备[24]

图5 β-CD@ZIF-8纳米粒子制备过程及β-CD@ZIF-8膜结构[27]

图6 PA/CD-MOF/PES膜的制备[28]

图7 β-CD-g-PAA的合成路线及β-CD-g-PAA TFC膜的制备过程[39]

图8 基于环糊精星形聚合物的TFC膜结构[41]

图9 PVDF/CD-ENR膜的制备[46]

图10 CD改性PA反渗透膜的制备[48]

图11 β‐CD‐HNTs/PVDF膜的制备以及对染料和Cu(Ⅱ)的截留机理[53]

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