碳基硼基催化体系丙烷氧化脱氢催化剂的研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-0120

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以碳基硼基为代表的非金属催化剂氧化能力不如金属氧化物，这使得非金属催化体系如碳基和硼基催化剂对于丙烷氧化脱氢反应具有独特的优势。本文综述了应用廉价环保型改性碳基和硼基的非金属丙烷脱氢催化剂将丙烷转化为丙烯的技术前沿，阐述了有序介孔炭材料，纳米碳材料（纳米纤维、石墨烯、碳纳米金刚石等）和六方氮化硼材料各自的丙烷氧化脱氢机理以及通过杂原子改性后提高其催化活性的情况。并对其未来的发展方向以及丙烷氧化脱氢新材料领域的发展做了展望。

关键词: 非金属, 氧化脱氢, 低碳烯烃, 碳基催化剂, 硼基催化剂

Abstract:

Owing to the oxidation ability of metal free catalysts is not as good as that of metal oxides, metal free catalytic systems such as carbon based and boron based catalysts have unique advantages for oxidative dehydrogenation of propane. Through the modification of heteroatoms such as nitrogen and phosphorus, the surface environment of metal free catalysts can be adjusted to further improve their catalytic activity. In this paper, the application of low-cost environmental friendly metal-free propane dehydrogenation catalysts such as carbon based and boron based catalysts, and the technology frontier of conversion of propane to propylene are reviewed. The mechanism of propane oxidative dehydrogenation of ordered mesoporous carbon materials, nano-carbon materials (nanofibers, graphene, carbon nanodiamonds, etc.) and hexagonal boron nitride materials are described and the improvement of their catalytic activities by heteroatom modification. The future direction and the development of new materials for propane dehydrogenation are also prospected.

Key words: metal-free, oxidative dehydrogenation, light alkene, carbon-based catalyst, boron-based catalyst

中图分类号:

TE65

孔维杰, 杨春亮, 卜婷婷, 周金波. 碳基硼基催化体系丙烷氧化脱氢催化剂的研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40(S1): 223-230.

KONG Weijie, YANG Chunliang, BU Tingting, ZHOU Jinbo. Status of propane oxidative dehydrogenation catalysts in carbon-based and boron-based catalytic system[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2021, 40(S1): 223-230.

图/表 7

图1 碳材料丙烷氧化脱氢机理[7]

图2 石墨烯表面缺陷位微观结构图[31]

图3 石墨烯表面丰富的含氧基团[31]

图4 单壁碳纳米管和单壁碳纳米管的微观结构

图5 多壁碳纳米管表面丰富的羰基结构[41]

图6 边缘羟基化氮化硼的丙烷脱氢制丙烯的机理[42]

图7 丙烷ODH介孔硅负载的氮化硼催化剂催化机理[43]

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